Comprehensive Assessment of Cardiohemodynamics and Catestatin Parameters as a Possible Predictor of Cardiovascular Dysfunction in Patients with Arterial Hypertension without and with Comorbid Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity
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ntroduction. Arterial hypertension (AH), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and obesity form a cardiometabolic continuum with a high risk of cardiovascular dysfunction. Catestatin (CST) is a promising biomarker of neurohumoral activation and may reflect early cardiac functional abnormalities, especially diastolic dysfunction.
The aim of the study. To comprehensively evaluate cardiohemodynamics and catestatin parameters as a possible predictor of cardiovascular dysfunction in patients with hypertension without and with comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity.
Materials and methods. A total of 250 patients with AH were divided into four groups: isolated AH, AH+obe- sity, AH+T2DM, and H+T2DM+obesity; the control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals. Echocardiograph- ic assessment of systolic and diastolic function was performed. Biomarkers including CST, cardiotrophin-1 (CTF-1), β2-microglobulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), insulin, and leptin were measured. Statistical analysis included univariate and multivariate regression.
Results. The most pronounced cardiac remodelling (left ventricular hypertrophy, reduced ejection fraction, im- paired filling = early diastolic filling velocity (VE)/late diastolic mitral inflow velocity (VA)<0.7) was observed in the AH+T2DM+obesity group. Elevated CST significantly correlated with HbA1c, CTF-1, β2-microglobulin, and body mass index (BMI) (p<0.05). A logistic regression model was developed to predict CST levels. VE/VA and isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) showed the significant prognostic value.
Conclusions. Catestatin levels correlate with diastolic dysfunction and metabolic disorders in patients with arte- rial hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and obesity. Combined catestatin level and echocardiographic assessment improves the early detection and risk stratification of heart failure.
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Dunaieva I. P. Comprehensive Assessment of Cardiohemodynamics and Catestatin Parameters as a Possible Predictor of Cardiovascular Dysfunction in Patients with Arterial Hypertension without and with Comorbid Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity / I. P. Dunaieva // Lviv Clinical Bulletin. – 2025. – Issue 2 (50). – P. 46–55.