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ISSN 2310-8363

Репозитарій Харківського національного медичного університету – це відкритий електронний архів академічних текстів, матеріалів наукового та навчально-методичного призначення, створених науковцями, викладачами, іншими працівниками університету та здобувачами

З усіх питань щодо Репозитарію ХНМУ звертайтеся до координатора Тетяни Павленко за адресою: repository@knmu.edu.ua

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Гострий біль після ампутацій у пацієнтів із бойовою травмою: як адаптувати доказову базу з цивільної практики?
(2026) Галушко, Андрій Ігорович; Коломаченко, Віталій Іванович
З початком повномасштабного вторгнення відзначається стрімке зростання чисельності пацієнтів із множинними інфікованими пораненнями кінцівок із ампутаціями та вираженим больовим синдромом. Незважаючи на вже наявний досвід роботи з пораненими військовослужбовцями у період АТО/ООС, лікування постампутаційного болю є актуальною клінічною проблемою для української медицини. Активний розвиток реґіонарних методів знеболення та створення окремих підрозділів для лікування болю в українських клінічних центрах відображають прагнення оптимізувати стратегію лікування болю після ампутації. Попри значну кількість досліджень, присвячених постампутаційному болю, в цивільній медицині, питання оптимального підходу до контролю гострого болю після ампутації в умовах бойової травми потребує подальшого вивчення та адаптації з урахуванням специфіки бойових ушкоджень, етапності медичної евакуації та обмежених ресурсів.
Effects of magnetite nanoparticles on erythrocyte mobility: a novel nanotechnology-based approach in intensive care and transfusion medicine
(2026) Belousov, A.; Belousova, E.
A decrease in erythrocyte electrophoretic mobility serves as an important diagnostic marker of pathological conditions associated with impaired gas exchange, microcirculation, and tissue trophism, often leading to systemic hypoxia and deterioration of the patient's clinical status. This study investigates the potential of magnetite nanoparticles (MCS-B) to modulate these properties in a targeted and controlled manner. A novel approach is proposed to enhance erythrocyte electrophoretic mobility in patients with toxemia through treatment with magnetite nanoparticles. In vitro experiments demonstrated a statistically significant (p < 0.001) increase - nearly threefold - in erythrocyte mobility following exposure to MCS-B, compared to untreated controls. The optimal efficacy was observed at a blood-to-nanoparticle ratio of 2:1. Furthermore, application of a constant magnetic field with an intensity of 200–250 kA/m for 2-3 minutes resulted in effective removal of residual nanoparticles from blood samples (p < 0.001). The results highlight the biocompatibility and clinical potential of this nanomedical approach, which may serve as a basis for new therapeutic strategies in transfusion medicine, critical care, and regenerative therapy. The study addresses a pressing interdisciplinary challenge, bridging hematology, biophysics, and nanotechnology, with implications for both basic science and clinical implementation.
Magnetically controlled nanoplatform for restoring hemorheological function in systemic toxemia and hypoxia
(2026) Belousov, Andriy
A decrease in erythrocyte electrophoretic mobility serves as an important diagnostic marker of pathological conditions associated with impaired gas exchange, microcirculation, and tissue trophism, often leading to systemic hypoxia and deterioration of the patient's clinical status. This study investigates the potential of magnetite nanoparticles (MCS-B) to modulate these properties in a targeted and controlled manner. A novel approach is proposed to enhance erythrocyte electrophoretic mobility in patients with toxemia through treatment with magnetite nanoparticles. In vitro experiments demonstrated a statistically significant (p < 0.001) increase - nearly threefold - in erythrocyte mobility following exposure to MCS-B, compared to untreated controls. The optimal efficacy was observed at a blood-to-nanoparticle ratio of 2:1. Furthermore, application of a constant magnetic field with an intensity of 200–250 kA/m for 2-3 minutes resulted in effective removal of residual nanoparticles from blood samples (p < 0.001). The results highlight the biocompatibility and clinical potential of this nanomedical approach, which may serve as a basis for new therapeutic strategies in transfusion medicine, critical care, and regenerative therapy. The study addresses a pressing interdisciplinary challenge, bridging hematology, biophysics, and nanotechnology, with implications for both basic science and clinical implementation.
Infusion therapy under PiCCO guidance: how does the technology influence clinical decision-making?
(2026) Belousov, A.
Monitoring with the PiCCO technology (Pulse Contour Cardiac Output) has become a widely adopted method for hemodynamic assessment and fluid management in critically ill patients. The technique combines transpulmonary thermodilution and pulse contour analysis to provide continuous or intermittent measurements of cardiac output, global end-diastolic volume index (GEDVI), extravascular lung water index (EVLWI), and systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI). Despite its technological sophistication and broad clinical use, the validity, reproducibility, and universal applicability of PiCCOderived data remain subject to ongoing debate. Particular concern arises in clinical scenarios involving altered physicochemical properties of blood, vascular dysregulation, vasoplegia, or hypoproteinemia, where thermodilution-based calculations may become inaccurate. Furthermore, neurohumoral and reflex circulatory mechanisms - such as the Schwik-Larin reflex - are not accounted for in the PiCCO model, yet may significantly impact hemodynamic dynamics and confound interpretation. This review provides a critical analysis of the methodological, physiological, and clinical limitations of PiCCO monitoring. Special emphasis is placed on the influence of blood rheology, temperature, microcirculatory changes, and endothelial dysfunction on the reliability of computed hemodynamic variables. The necessity of an integrative approach to data interpretation is emphasized, involving the correlation of PiCCO-derived parameters with the clinical picture, laboratory findings, therapeutic response, and the patient’s pathophysiological status. In conclusion, PiCCO remains a potentially valuable tool in critical care; however, its effective use requires clinical vigilance, awareness of physiological constraints, and individualized therapeutic decision-making, particularly in fluid management strategies.
Features of the skin microbiome in patients with chronic eczema during relapse
(2026) Dashchuk, Andrii; Mishyna, Maryna; Dashchuk, Andrii; Dobrzhanska, Yevheniia; Marchese, Alessandra; Pisi, Roberta; Bondarenko, Olha; Aiello, Marina; Chetta, Alfredo
Background and Aim: In the presence of eczema, the skin serves as a reservoir for endogenous and exogenous infectious agents. Therefore, in order to understand the mechanism of interaction between microorganism and the macroorganism, it is necessary to study the characteristics of the skin microbiota in individuals with chronic eczema. The aim of this study is to determine the characteristics of changes in the skin microbiome during relapse of chronic eczema depending on age and gender. Methods: The results of a study of 80 patients with chronic eczema during relapse are presented. The study of the skin microbiome used a culture-based method. Isolated pure cultures of clinical strains were identified using MICRO-LA-TEST® identification kits. Microorganism suspensions with a specific concentration of microbial cells were prepared using a Densi-La-Meter. Results: Gram-positive microflora, represented by Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp., predominated in the affected areas. A significant increase in microbial colonisation density was observed in men aged 61 to 81 years. In the control group, on the contrary, the highest colonisation density was observed in individuals aged 41 to 60 years. Conclusions: Dysbiotic changes were detected in affected and unaffected skin areas during chronic eczema recurrences across all age groups. It was found that women suffer more often (67.5% of cases) than men. However, the density of microorganism colonisation of skin areas was higher in men, which may be due to hormonal differences and the influence of estrogens on the microbiome of the skin and mucous membranes.