Effect of carbohydrate metabolism levels on the relative Length of telomeres in patients with hypertension and in combination with diabetes mellitus type 2

Abstract

In 156 patients with stage II arterial hypertension, including 96 of them with diabetes mellitus type 2, the relationship between the relative telomeres length of blood leukocytes (RLTL) and buccal epithelium cells (RBTL) and different levels of carbohydrate metabolism have been determined and data in patients with arterial hypertension combined with diabetes mellitus type 2 and in patients with isolated hypertension have been compared. Carbohydrate metabolism parameters, blood pressure levels were evaluated. RLTL and RBTL were determined by a real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. It is shown that a hypertensionand diabetes mellitus type 2 combination was accompanied by greater significant RLTL (ð=0.009) and RBTL (ð=0.001) more than with isolated hypertension. In the patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus type 2 the relative length of telomeres was assessed in the carbohydrate metabolism compensation and in its absence and no convincing data was obtained on the effect of glycemic control on the relative length of telomeres. In patients with isolated hypertension it was found that those with a lower glucose level than that within the risk factor (5.6–6.9 mmol/l) had a shorter mean relative telomeres length both of blood leukocytes (p=0.05) and the buccal epithelium cells (p=0.03) regarding indicators for those who had higher blood glucose levels. Patients with a comorbid course of hypertension and diabetes mellitus type 2 had more pronounced decrease in the RTL. Achieving glycemic control at hypertension and diabetes mellitus was accompanied by a significant increase in the RBTL. The relative length of blood leukocytes telomere was controversial. Additional determining the RBTL enhances the diagnostic and prognostic power when assessing the efficacy of correcting glycemic control in high cardiovascular risk patients.