Impairment of renal function determined by creatinine and cystatin C levels in patients with hypertension and frequent extrasystoles

Abstract

156 patients with essential hypertension stage II were examined, among them 124 had frequent extrasystoles, and 32 did not have heart rhythm disorders. Another 30 practically healthy individuals entered the control group. All participants of the study underwent a complete clinical, laboratory, and instrumental examination, including the level of microalbuminuria, electrolytes, creatinine, and cystatin C with the calculation of the glomerular filtration rate. In patients with hypertension, the level of cystatin C was significantly higher compared to the control group (p<0.001). In patients with essential hypertension and extrasystoles, the average level of cystatin C was significantly higher than in patients without extrasystoles (p<0.05). The highest level of cystatin C was noted in patients with hypertension and ventricular extrasystoles. It was significantly higher compared to patients with supraventricular extrasystoles (p<0.05), patients without arrhythmias (p<0.001), and practically healthy subjects (p<0.001). In patients with stage II essential hypertension, the extrasystoles of ventricular origin were associated with an increase in the frequency of microalbuminuria, the highest level of cystatin C, the decrease in the glomerular filtration rate (both creatinine and cystatin), and an increase in the number of patients with a glomerular filtration rate of less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. The mean values of the glomerular filtration rate calculated with cystatin C were higher than the corresponding values of the glomerular filtration rate calculated by creatinine.