Developing critical thinking skills in medical students

Abstract

The article examines the significance of critical thinking in the professional training of future physicians and outlines effective instructional approaches for its development. Critical thinking is presented as an essential competence for accurate diagnosis, informed clinical decision-making, evaluation of scientific evidence, and addressing ethical challenges in medical practice. The work highlights a range of pedagogical methods that foster analytical skills, including problem-based learning, simulation-based training, critical appraisal of scientific literature, academic debates, reflective practice, and interdisciplinary collaboration. Approaches to assessing critical thinking – such as standardized instruments, portfolio analysis, and structured clinical examinations – are also described. The study emphasizes the importance of continuous practice and reflection in shaping medical students’ ability to reason critically and operate effectively within the complexities of modern healthcare.