Interleukin-8 levels in blood and urine of patients with asthma in combination with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Objective — to evaluate changes in IL-8 in the blood and urine of patients with asthma in combination with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) depending on kidney and lung function parameters. Materials and methods. We examined 80 patients hospitalised in the Municipal non- profit enterprise of Kharkiv Regional Council «Regional Clinical Hospital», due to an exacerbation of asthma. Among the patients, 35 had asthma in combination with T2DM (group 1, asthma + T2DM) and 45 patients had asthma (group 2 — comparison group, asthma). The control group consisted of 18 practically healthy individuals. Renal function was determined by glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and albuminuria/ proteinuria level. Lung function was assessed by forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1). Concentrations of glycated haemoglobin, blood glucose, albumin in urine, and IL-8 in the blood and urine were measured. Results. Patients with a combination of asthma and T2DM had clearly significantly lower GFR, increased urinary albumin concentration, more severe pulmonary function impairments, worse glycemic control, and a significant increase in proinflammatory cytokine concentration compared with patients with asthma without comorbidity (p < 0.05). The analysis of study results, depending on the degree of disease control, revealed a clear correlation between GFR, bronchial obstruction syndrome and IL-8 concentration in urine and serum of moderate strength (R = 0.69 (p < 0.05), R = 0.62 (p < 0.05)), respectively. Conclusions. Patients with a combination of asthma and T2DM have more severe inflammation, as evidenced by a significant increase in IL-8 in their blood and urine. Increased concentration of IL-8 in blood and urine correlates with decreased GFR, glycemic status, and bronchopulmonary obstruction.