Parameters of blood and erythrocytes as markers of age of occurrence of hematomas in living persons

Abstract

The article deals with solution of the scientific-practical task of modem forensic medicine: substantiation for medicolegal assessment of prescription of formation of posttraumatic sub- and epidural haemorrhages in living persons. The purpose: to determine the age ofhematoma in living persons by the parameters of functional changes in the blood system and erythrocyte hematopoiesis. Methodology of the study is based on general research methods of analysis of cytological results the haematological indices, which were the most available and effective ones in accelerated diagnosis of the prescription of appearance of posttrtaumatic sub- and epidural haemorrhages, were studied by means of including methodsof examination of aggregate properties of blood cells (superficial cytoarchitectonics of erythrocytes) and coagulation haemostasis parameters (fibrinogen, prothrombin, thrombocytes) into the methodological scheme. Results. In victims with epi- and subdural hematomas, changes in blood parameters (hemoglobin, erythrocytes, platelets, prothrombin, fibrinogen) were phase in nature. Against the background of stable control group figures, the number of erythrocytes decreased from the 1st to the 6th day with further rise (12th - 21st days of observations) and stabilization for 90 days. The increase in hemoglobin occurred from the 1st day of observation to the 21st day and ended with a digital plateau on the 90th day of the study. The parameters of coagulation hemostasis (fibrinogen, prothrombin) had similar digital profiles with outbreaks of rises on the 1st day of observation and a decrease in indicators on the 6th and 12th days, respectively. The increase in platelet count was gradual until the 12th day of observation. The erythrocyte link of the blood reacted to the occurrence of epi- and subdural hematomas by the appearance of coordination phenomena and changes in the surface membrane of cells with the development (in the approximate and distant delayed periods - 3-21 days) of expressive dispersion of forms from ovals, spherocytes to echino-. Gender-age dependence was not observed in the groups. Practical implications. The obtained data fully contribute to a reasonable solution of an important practical issue: determining the role of functional parameters of blood, its erythrocyte population in the development of unified programs / algorithms to determine diagnostic premortem markers of hematoma in the face of craniocerebral injuries. Value/originality lies in the possibility of applying the results of the work in modern diagnostic algorithms for the prescription ofhematomas. 1