War: gender challenges for Ukrainian society and public health

Abstract

The full-scale war in Ukraine has catalyzed profound gender transformations, significantly challenging public health and the well-being of the population. The conflict has created new burdens for women, evidenced by unprecedented military participation and increased risks of physical/psychological trauma (including PTSD) and gender-based violence, while men face high rates of disability and mental disorders requiring complex reintegration. Additionally, the war has severely impacted Internally Displaced Persons (mostly women and children), increasing their vulnerability to health issues, exploitation, and trauma. Overcoming these multifaceted gender consequences requires a systemic approach, including implementing gender-sensitive medical, psychological, and social programs for veterans and IDPs to restore stable public health.