Changes in the characteristics of oral fluid at the stages of treatment and rehabilitation of patients with mandibular fractures

Abstract

A study has been conducted to investigate the characteristics of oral cavity saliva at various stages of treatment in individuals who have sustained mandibular trauma. At the stages of clinical monitoring, the biophysical and biochemical characteristics of oral fluid in 112 patients with mandibular injuries changed significantly: in the pre-immobilization period, the buffering capacity of oral fluid value was lower compared to that in the first and second immobilization periods, while in the post-immobilization period, it did not differ from the values reached. The viscosity of oral fluid increased significantly in the first and second immobilization periods, while in the post-immobilization period, there was a relative decrease in this parameter; the mean group pH values also decreased; this occurred in the setting of a decrease in the salivation rate, and the maintenance of the acid-base balance of the oral cavity was provided by a decrease in buffering capacity of oral fluid (by 22.0%), a decrease in the pH of oral fluid (by 23.0%) with an increase in its viscosity (by 13.0%) and a decrease in the salivation rate (by 67.0%). When analyzing the state of local non-specific protection of oral fluid in patients with mandibular injuries, an increase in lysozyme activity was found in the first period and its rapid decrease in the post-immobilization period, which was accompanied by a significant increase in the degree of microbial contamination of the oral cavity, as indicated by changes in absolute and relative urease activity, as well as an increase in the degree of dysbiosis in the second immobilization and post-immobilization periods, which corresponded to the clinically decompensated stage of dysbiosis.