Melatonin and some parameters of cell-mediated immune response in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis Without nasal polyps

Abstract

Chronic rhinosinusitis is a polyetiological disease, the pathogenesis of which is currently being actively studied. It has been known that Th1 type of immune response prevails in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps. In addition to cytokines that contributes to the activation of cell-mediated immunity, melatonin may be involved in the regulation of the subtype of immune response. Concentrations of IL-8, IL-12 and melatonin in blood serum of patients with exacerbation of chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (n = 20) and healthy individuals with deviated nasal septum (n = 20), who served as the control group, were determined using the corresponding ELISA kits. Analysis of obtained data was carried out using the Graph Pad Prism 5 application with the help of the Mann-Whitney U test. It was shown that exacerbation of chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps was accompanied by melatonin deficiency against the background of elevated concentrations of Th1-associated proinflammatory cytokines IL-8 and IL-12 in blood serum. Melatonin has been known to affect the expression of IL-8 and IL-12. Thus, melatonin, acting via proinflammatory cytokines, can affect the differentiation of naïve immature CD4+ cells in Th1-cells, promoting realization of the immune response in the cell-mediated direction. Our conclusions about the prevalence of cell-mediated Th1-related immune response in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps are consistent with the data of other authors. Thus, exacerbation of chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps is accompanied by a twofold increase in serum IL-12 and a threefold increase in serum IL-8 levels against the background of noticeable lack of melatonin, which may indicate the role of melatonin deficiency in the activation of the cell-mediated immunity.