Morphometric analysis of the upper jaw based on ct-image data

Abstract

Establishing the existing patterns of variability of the sizes, shapes and relationships of the anatomical structures of the upper jaw according to the type of skull structure is an urgent task of modern craniology. The aim of our study was to establish the craniometric parameters of the human upper jaw depending on gender and craniotype. 125 CT images of the head of men and women aged 25 to 85 years without skull bone pathology were used as the research material, made with the Neusoft NeuViz 16 Essence 16-Slice CT Scanner System. Visual analysis and craniometric measurements were performed using the Horos ver.4.0.1 program included in the computer tomography software and the Vidar Dicom Viewer ver. 3.3.1.9. program. The ranges of variations of the parameters of the upper jaw of people with different craniotypes depending on gender have been established. It was determined that individuals with the euriprosopic craniotype are characterized by the dominance of the transverse dimensions of the upper jaw over the longitudinal and altitudinal ones. People with a leptoprosopic type of visceral skull structure are characterized by a predominance of longitudinal and altitudinal parameters over transverse ones. Individuals with a mesoprosopic craniotype have intermediate values of all parameters. Almost all the studied parameters of the upper jaw showed signs of sexual dimorphism with a predominance of craniometric indicators in men, however, a certain number of the established differences were within the limits of statistical error. The conditional angle of the upper alveolar arch was also established and it was proven that it does not depend on gender, but has a strong connection with the craniotype