Topography of the lung roots

Abstract

The study of the roots of the lungs is important in morphology, particularly in the context of thoracic surgery, medical radiology, and the provision of first aid in cases of trauma. The aim of our study was to review the topography of the lung roots, identify their components, and examine the adjacent structures. Materials and Methods: Theoretical methods: Review and analysis of scientific and methodological literature. Practical methods: Our own research. Results: The lung root is a complex of vital structures that pass through the hilum of the lung, ensuring its function, viability, and connection with the mediastinum. The arrangement of these elements differs between the right and left lungs. The lung root includes the main bronchus, pulmonary artery, two (superior and inferior) or more pulmonary veins, bronchial arteries, bronchial veins, lymph nodes (intrapulmonary and regional bronchopulmonary), efferent superficial and deep lymphatic vessels, and nerves—all covered by the endothoracic fascia and pleura. The major vessels of the lung root are covered by the inner layer of the pericardium and are not visible during dissection of the pleural cavitу