Tree modern methods of determination of tuberculosis in therapeutic hospitals

Abstract

Internal medicine Is the speciality dedicated to diagnosis and medical treatment of adult diseases. The subspecialties of internal medicine are cardiology, immunology, endocrinology, hematology, infectious diseases, gastroenterology, nephrology, pulmonology and rheumatology. Diagnosis is the identification by examining of the nature of a disease, illness or other problems by examining the symptoms of such illnesses. Tuberculosis a potentially serious infectious disease affecting the lungs which is caused by bacteria. Aim: To study researches carried out by reputable oranizations in the area of diagnostic methods in the field of tubercolosis and determine which methods seem to be the best. Introduction : a great deal of tubercolosis diagnostic researches were studied from the continents of Europe and Asia three of them were looked at in detailed and are summarised below All dealing with Tuberculosis the lack of effective and accurate diagnostic tools contributes to the high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) worldwide. Results: First experiment analyzed: In this research the scientists evaluated the performance of Xpert MTB/RIF assay compared to conventional sputum and culture methods for the diagnosis of Tuberculosis. This method proved successful as 18 of 58 persons (31% of the cases) that smear microscopy negative by the conventional method were however positive by the MTB/RTF assay this demonstrated much higher sensitivity as compared to the method. Second experiment analyze: This group of researchers compared two interferon gamma release assays for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection and how sensitive they were. The T-spot test which is the one currently being used to test in TB diagnosis belonging to the interferon gamma release assays. In the research it was compared so these interferon gamma releasing assays for the latent TB diagnosis and their sensitivities. The second method was the OFTB-GIT. Heretic T-spot Test Proved to be the better test but it was definitely realised in this field of interferon gamma release assays more research is needed to be done to find a test with increased sensitivity. Third experiment analyzed: In this research the researchers believe that high prevalence of TB worldwide is due to the Unavailability and lack of ineffective diagnosis. This lead them to researching the method of protein markers for the serodiagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Based on the believe that inadequate serodiagnosis methods for this bacteria exists today. The GST-Glutathione S Transferase fusion protein technique was used to identify the Antigen of TB. They compared this method of serodiagnosis with the existing Commercial kits and found 66% success rate of the GST over the 31.6% success they had with the existing Commercial kits. Conclusion : In the field of Tuberculosis diagnosis much more research is needed so as to improve upon the sensitivity of these tests and to therefore gain a more accurate test in this area. In my opinion for the first research MTB/RIF assay seems to be the best newly Explored method of diagnosis for diagnosis of Tuberculosis.