Interleukins 33 and 1B serum levels and common carotid arteries remodeling in hypertensive patients with obesity

Abstract

Objective: To investigate interrelations between interleukin 33 (IL-33) and 1β (IL-1β) serum levels and common carotid arteries (CCA) remodeling in hypertensive patients with obesity. Method: 80 hypertensive patients (51 obese) have been observed. An ultrasound examination of CCA with estimation of its geometrical type was performed (cut-off value for vascular wall hypertrophy was vascular segment mass >0,275 g/cm, concentric remodeling was diagnosed with relative wall thickness of CCA >0,2). IL-33 and IL-1B serum levels were estimated using ELISA. Results: IL-33 and IL-1β levels were higher in hypertensive patients (p<0,001), independently of BMI. Cluster analysis was made to reveal both cytokines' levels impact on CCA geometry (see picture). IL-33≥73 pg/ml, IL- 1β≥25 pg/ml was associated with 80,0% prevalence of normal CCA geometry and 20,0% of its concentric hypertrophy. IL-1β≥20 pg/ml with IL-33<71 pg/ml was characterized by 80,0% prevalence of normal geometry, 10,0% of nonhypertensive concentric remodeling of CCA, 5,0% of concnetric and 5,0% of eccentric hypertrophy. IL-33≥71 pg/ml with IL-1β<25 pg/ml was associated with decrease of normal CCA geometry prevalence to 50,0% with increase of concentric hypertrophy rate to 41,7%; other 8,3% patients had eccentric hypertrophy of CCA. IL-33<71 pg/ml, IL-1β<20 pg/ml (p>0,05 vs control group) had 57,9% of normal geometry, 15,8% of concentric remodeling, 15,8% of concnetric hypertrophy and 10,5% of eccentric hypertrophy of CCA. Conclusion: IL-33 and IL-1β serum levels were elevated in hypertensive patients independently of presence of obesity. A pronounced isolated increase in IL-33 level was associated with abrupt increase of CCA hypertrophy prevalence, especially its concentric variant. Accompanying increase in IL-1B level reduced this effect.