Probiotics in reducing cardiovascular risk factors: a scoping review

Abstract

Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are responsible for one-third of all deaths globally. Early assessment and prevention of CV risk are essential to reducing these deaths. Gut microbiota and its metabolites demonstrated benefits in reducing systemic inflammation and normalization of lipid profile. Probiotics may contribute to lowering CV risk by optimizing the gut-heart axis. Probiotics may help reduce some CV risk factors, but direct evidence of significant risk reduction is limited. Larger, long-term studies are needed to confirm these findings.