Abnormal uterine bleeding and its causes. Literature review

Abstract

Basedon theanalysisof information from available sources o fscientific literature, the article provides an overview of the problem of abnormal uterine bleeding and its causes. Preservation of women’s reproductive health is an urgent problem of the whole world. AUB is a debilitating symptom that affects a large numberof women andoneof the most common gynecological abnormalities. АUB, asarule,does not threaten a woman’s life, but significantly decreases its quality. Menstrual disorders affect all aspects of a woman’s life, even increasing the risk of premature death. Women with AUB are more likely to seek medical care due to social and physical factors, while 50% of female patients have mental health problems due to anxiety and depression. Structural causes of uterine bleeding increaseas a woman ages, which can affect reproductive health. Extragenital disorders are considered one of the most frequent causesof AUB. This is explained by the features of the endometrium, thestateof which is influenced by general changes in a woman’s hormonal status and the functional state of some organs and systems. AUB can becaused by diseases of the thyroidgland, uncorrected diabetes, obesity, blood coagulation disorders (mostoften von Willebrand’s disease), infectious diseases, certain drugs (corticosteroids, antipsychoticor antiepilepticdrugs), climate change anddiet, psychological stress, etc. Management of patients with abnormal uterine bleeding is a complex problem that should include assessment of gynecological status and consultation of relatedspecialists (endocrinologists, cardiologists,etc.).