The benefits of vitamin D in combination with vitamin K for polymorbid patients

Abstract

In recent years, more and more data have appeared regarding the complementary role of vitamin D and vitamin K in maintaining health in patients with polymorbidity. Patients with cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, chronic kidney disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can greatly benefit from improved bone health, cardiovascular support, metabolic optimization and immunomodulatory effects when using a combination of vitamin D and vitamin K. However, it should be taken into account that the presence of several chronic diseases at the same time greatly complicates treatment, and it is important to ensure the right balance between the effectiveness and safety of using different drugs, as well as to prevent polypharmacy.