The involvement of the mitochondrial redox homeostasis in the esophageal and gastrointestinal diseases

Abstract

This review article synthesizes recent advancements related to the understanding of the role of reactive oxygen species in gastrointestinal pathologies based on the analysis of scientific publications. The global feature of gastrointestinal diseases is inflammation as a complex biological response of the body to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. Inflammation is essential for the elimination of the cause of injury and the initiation of tissue repair and healing. The involvement of the imbalance between the production of oxidants and antioxidant defenses resulted in oxidative stress and underlying tht inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract is presented. The findings in the field of mitochondrial redox regulation disorders in the context of esophageal and gastrointestinal inflammation are shown. This review highlights the mitochondrial dysfunction in the features of the gastrointestinal diseases, offering novel insights into their pathogenesis and pointing towards innovative therapeutic strategies.