Carbohydrate and lipid disorders and adipokines levels in relation to body mass index in hypertensive patients

Abstract

Obesity is considered as a valid risk factor for cardiovascular disease, due to the fact that the risk of morbidity and mortality from various causes in obese people is signifi cantly higher. Exact mechanisms of metabolic disorders in hypertension with obesity is still discussible. The aim of the study – to determine the peculiarities of carbohydrate, lipid metabolism changes and activity of adipokines and interleukin-22, in patients with hypertension according to nutritional status. Methods: 80 patients (37 males and 43 females) with essential hypertension (EH) of average age 60.17 years were examined. Carbohydrate, lipid profi les, apolipoprotein B (apo B), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), adiponectin, interleukin-22 (IL-22) were estimated. Results: In patients with EH and obesity was found carbohydrates metabolism abnormalities, that was manifested as hyperinsulinemia, glucose and HbA1c levels elevation and insulin resistance (according to HOMA index). Lipid metabolism disorders were observed as valid increasing of triglycerides and apo B. Body mass index elevation was associated with progressive increasing of TNF-α and PAI-1 concentration with reducing of adiponectin level in the patients with EH. Positive relationships between TNF- and HbA1c, apo B; PAI-1 with glucose levels: negative correlation adiponectin with body mass and waist to hip ratio were detected in the patients with obesity associated (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) EH. Positive signifi cant correlations between apo B and insulin levels, HOMA index, and TNF-α concentration were defi ned. IL-22 in overweigh and obese patients was signifi cantly higher, correlates negatively with HDL-C. Conclusion: In patients with EH and obesity the adipokine dysfunction was revealed, that correlates with carbohydrate and lipid parameters that indicate increased proinfl ammatory and prothrombogenic processes.