Immunopathological and stress related markers in patients with non metastatic and metastatic pancreatic cancer: an exploratory comparative study

Abstract

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most common malignant neoplasms, the incidence has increased in the population among patients who have recovered from various SARS CoV 2 strains with subsequent post COVID syn drome symptoms development. Given the heterogeneity of cancer development mechanisms within the population, the individual complex treatment implementation is essential for the correction of impaired immunometabolic processes. The aim is to assess pathological changes in humoral and cellular markers of innate and adaptive im munity in groups of patients with non metastatic and metastatic pancreatic cancer. 64 patients (38 to 79 years) with pancreatic cancer were examined: group 1—non metastatic (n = 44); group 2—metastatic (n = 20). The fol lowing research methods were used: ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay), flow cytometry, immunotur bidimetry, spectrophotometry, light microscopy, impedance spectrometry. In first group patients had an increase in the C3 component complement, IL 1β, TNF α, TLR4, TLR9 and DAMPs (Damage Associated Molecular Patterns) cytotoxic oligonucleotide fraction. In second group patients had an increase in cortisol, C3 component comple ment, TLR9, oligopeptide and oligonucleotide DAMPs fractions and a maximum increase in the T regulatory cells CD3+CD4+CD25+СD127 . In both groups was increase in NK cells CD3 CD56+CD16+ and a wide spectrum of antin uclear antibodies to altered nuclear structures that acquired antigenic properties. In both groups, we identified cohorts of patients who with significant changes in the studied parameters set, had a decrease in serum electrical conductivity (on average by 45%). Individual changes in immunometabolic markers in patients of different ages with non metastatic and metastatic pancreatic cancer have diagnostic and prognostic value.