Browsing by Subject "bronchial asthma"

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Anamnestic risk factors for asthma development in infants
(Kharkiv National Medical University, 2020-01) Малахова, Валерія Михайлівна; Malakhova, V.
Allergies rank as some of the most common chronic health conditions in the modern world. Almost 700 million people worldwide suffer from this disorder . Almost 330 million of these patients have respiratory diseases and suffer from bronchial asthma (BA) . Bearing in mind that chronic inflammation is the main link in the pathogenesis of asthma of the bronchopulmonary system, the formation of the disorder mainly begins in early childhood. Therefore, an important issue today is the early recognition of asthma development in the early stages.
Bronchial thermoplasty – the modern method of treatment of bronchial asthma
(2014) Nkan, Idiongo E.; Pytetska, Natalya
Bronchial thermoplasty (BT) is a novel intervention for asthma in which controlled thermal energy from a radiofrequency (RF) source is delivered to the airway wall during a series of bronchoscopy procedures as a means of reducing excess airway smooth muscle mass. This both decreases narrowing of the airway lumen due to airway remodeling and reduces the potential for dynamic smooth muscle–mediated bronchoconstriction. Bronchial thermoplasty is indicated for the treatment of severe, persistent asthma in patients aged 18 years and older whose asthma is not well controlled by inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting β2 -agonists (LABA). The alair bronchial thermoplasty system consists of a RF control unit and a flexible single-use catheter with an expandable electrode array at one end. The system is designed to be used in conjunction with RF– or high frequency–compatible flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopes with a 4.9- to 5.2-mm outer diameter and a 2-mm minimum working channel. The catheter is advanced under bronchoscopic visualization and, in a manner similar to conventional RF ablation, RF energy is applied systematically to airways between 3 mm and 10 mm in diameter throughout the tracheobronchial tree. The control unit monitors the system to ensure that the electrode array is in proper contact with the airway wall and controls the degree of tissue heating through continuous feedback. Patients undergoing bronchial thermoplastic are typically treated in 3 outpatient sessions approximately 3 weeks apart, with different areas of the lungs targeted in each session. The procedure is performed under moderate sedation or light anesthesia. Treatment is divided to minimize the risk of exacerbating asthma or inducing diffuse airway edema and to avoid prolonged procedural length. In addition, to minimize post procedure airway inflammation, patients are given prophylactic steroid coverage, typically prednisone 50 mg daily for 5 days beginning 2 days prior to bronchoscopy. Careful planning of the order in which the airway segments are to be accessed and treated is necessary to ensure successful coverage of all areas to be addressed. Before proceeding with treatment in the second and third sessions, previously treated areas should be inspected for possible mucus impaction or scarring and to ensure adequate healing. As with other bronchoscopic procedures, patients should stop taking anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, aspirin, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) before the procedure, in accordance with physician guidance. Contraindications to bronchial thermoplasty include the following: • Pacemaker, defibrillator, or other implantable electronic devices • Known sensitivity to medications required to perform bronchoscopy, including lidocaine, atropine, fentanyl, and benzodiazepines • Unstable comorbid conditions that would present a risk for bronchoscopy, such as untreated obstructive sleep apnea or clinically significant cardiovascular disease, epilepsy, insulin-dependent diabetes, or cancer • Previous bronchial thermoplasty treatment (these patients should not be retreated in the same area(s), as no clinical data are available on the safety or efficacy of repeat treatment.) Bronchial thermoplasty should be postponed if any of the following conditions are present: – active respiratory infection; – severe asthma attack or changing dose of systemic corticosteroids for asthma (up or down) in the past 14 days; – known coagulopathy. Common adverse events from bronchial thermoplastic are typical of airway irritation and include aggravation of asthma symptoms (wheezing, chest discomfort, cough, chest pain), dyspnea, productive cough, discolored sputum, and upper respiratory tract infections.
Causes of uncontrolled bronchial asthma among children in Kharkiv region
(2021) Klymenko, Viktoriia; Piontkovska, Oksana; Kulik, Tetiana
Bronchial asthma (BA) is one of the most common chronic diseases, according to WHO statistics in 2018, there were about 334 million patients worldwide, and 14% of them were children. BA among children reduces the quality of life, is one of the main reasons for skipping school days, can be a cause of disability and sometimes death. The aim of the work was to improve the uality of life of children with asthma by improving disease control. 50 children with asthma were examined. The study included a study of complaints of the patient and his parents, medical history, the results of clinical and laboratory and instrumental examinations. The main reason for the lack of control among children with asthma is the violation of the algorithms of basic therapy.
Comorbidity and impact of bronchial asthma to gastroesophageal reflux disease in children
(2024) Карпушенко, Юлія Валентинівна; Кarpushenko, Yuliia; Фролова, Тетяна Володимирівна; Frolova, Tetyana; Дробова, Надія Миколаївна; Drobova, Nadiia; Ащеулов, Олександр Михайлович; Ashcheulov, Oleksandr
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a highly comorbid disease with bronchial asthma (BA). The relationship between GERD and BA is complicated and controversial. Aim: to analyze impact factors of BA and GERD in children with comorbid pathology for the further development of early diagnostic and preventive measures. Materials and methods. 81 children (aged 6 to 18 years) were involved in the study and divided into two groups: children with GERD and BA as a main group (n=27) and children with GERD and without allergy as a control group (n=54). The verification of diagnoses was carried out according to the unified clinical protocols of medical care. The results were processed using nonparametric statistical methods. Results. Esophageal motility disorders (EM) were detected in 100% of patients with BA, regardless of the severity. Inflammatory changes of the esophageal mucosa (EM) were equally frequently detected in patients with mild and moderate persistent BA, and were absent in patients with severe BA. GERD was diagnosed in 44.4% of patients with BA. 25.0% of patients had the erosive form of GERD, 25.0% — non-erosive GERD, 50.0% — endoscopically negative GERD, in the control group — 33.0%, 35.0%, 32.0% respectively. Conclusion. All patients with BA had esophageal motility disorders. GERD was diagnosed in 44.4%. Inflammatory changes of EM (erosive and non-erosive forms of GERD) were detected in 22.0% of patients with mild and moderate forms of BA, and in severe forms of BA — endoscopically negative GERD. The frequency of inflammatory changes reached 68.0% in the control group. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the institution indicated in the work. The informed consent of children's parents was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.
Endothelial function status in children with bronchial asthma in exacerbation and remission
(2016) Vasylchenko, Y.
Interrelationship of endothelial function parameters in children with bronchial asthma
(2016) Vasylchenko, Y.; Makieieva, N.; Alekseeva, N.; Harchenko, T.; Birukova, Maryna
Interrelationship of endothelial function parameters in children with bronchial asthma in exacerbation and remission
(2019-04-03) Butov, Dmytro; Makieieva, Nataliia; Vasylchenko, Yuliia; Biriukova, Maryna; Serhiienko, Kateryna; Morozov, Oleksandr
Modern techniques of sputum analysis for bronchial asthma
(ХНМУ, 2016-11) Кочубей, Оксана Анатольевна; Кочубєй, Оксана Анатоліївна; Kochubiei, Oksana; Ashcheulova, Tetyana; Ащеулова, Тетяна Вадимівна; Ащеулова, Татьяна Вадимовна; Shetty, M.
Modern view on chronic respiratory dieseases in pregnant (review).
(2022-09-30) Lazurenko, Viktoriia; Bilyi, Evgeny; Liashchenko, Olga; Ovcharenko, Olga; Borzenko, Iryna
Disorders in the fetoplacental complex of pregnant women with chronic respiratory diseases (CRD) include a wide range of problems in modern obstetrics in medical, economic and social aspects. Respiratory diseases in the context of disorders of the fetoplacental complex (FPC) may be a comorbid process, a background to the abnormal pregnancy, or a premorbid condition that contributes to the development of placental dysfunction (PD) or even initiates it; morphophysiological changes characteristic of pregnancy also affect the state of the respiratory system, moderating the course of bronchoobstructive diseases. Respiratory diseases in women, the impact of its treatment and features of the course and medical support of pregnancy in these conditions affect the condition of both the woman and the fetus, and physical and neuropsychological development of the child in future.
Peculiarities of asthma and insulin resistance depending on the types of obesity
(2018) Yeryomenko, Galyna
The purpose of the study was to examine specific clinical and laboratory signs and peculiarities of fatty tissue distribution in patients with bronchial asthma associated with diabetes mellitus, and their effect on respiration function (RF). Material and methods. 78 patients with non-controlled severe-course asthma and diabetes melli-tus type 2 were studied. The patients were divided into 2 groups, with android and gynoid obesity types, according to anthropometric signs. Blood chemistry panel was performed: glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc), glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (CHOL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), high density lipopro-teins (HDL), and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). Concentrations of total CHOL, TG, high density lipo-proteins (HDL), and low density lipoproteins (LDL) were determined using enzymatic method via pho-tometer Solar PM 2111. Expiratory reserve flow (ERF), forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expira-tory volume for 1st second (FEV1) condition was evalu-ated based on analysis on a spirograph Spìrokom (Ukraine). Besides, the control level of asthma symp-toms was considered using questionnaires ACQ-5. Results and discussion. The android type patients were older and had longer disease history versus the patients with gynoid obesity type. The increase of ab-dominal fat depots in patients with android type obe-sity was associated with more pronounced changes in carbohydrate-fat metabolism parameters, which was manifested through elevated glucose, TG, LDL serum values and decreased HDL concentrations. HbAlc and HOMA-IR were reliably increased. Assessment of external respiration function via a spirometer showed that FEV1 %, FVC % in patient groups with gynoid and android obesity types were different as well. In pa-tients with android obesity type, FEV1 and FVC pa-rameters were reliably lower than in the group with gynoid obesity type. Higher degree of ventilation dis-orders in individuals with high waist circumference – thigh circumference index can be due to fatty tissue central topography type. Conclusions. The obtained data are indicative of various carbohydrate metabolism disorders, dependence of insulin resistance on obesity type, hormonal balance, and RF decrease. Nevertheless, further complex studies, aimed at investigation of clinical peculi-arities and hormonal support of pathological processes in patients with the examined pathology are required.
Prevalence of Bronchial Asthma Symptomatic Manifestation among Children of Kharkiv
(2019) Klymenko, Viktoriia; Kozhyna, Olga; Zemlianskyi, Konstantin
The aim of the work was to improve the diagnosis of bronchial asthma (BA) in the pediatric population by revealing the current prevalence of symptoms using an epidemiological method and identifying trends in the prevalence of symptoms since 1998. The study was performed in 2017 in Kharkiv. The standardized method of the International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Childhood (ISAAC) was used. The volume of the sample was calculated according to the formula for sample population determining and ensures the representativeness of the data obtained (Lisitsin Y.P., 1987), which amounted to 5434 children. 3374 parents of children 6–7 years old and 2552 children 13–14 years old were surveyed; in total 5926 students, which accounted for 97% of the total number of uestionnaires distributed. The standardized ISAAC questionnaire contains 8 questions about the symptomatic manifestations of BA. The percentage of positive responses in children 6-7 years old was analyzed; the results are presented for 2017, 2002 and 1998, respectively. 1. The presence of ever wheezing (wheezing) in the past (the first question of the ISAAC questionnaire) was found in 13.8%; 19.4% and 24.1% of children, respectively. 2. "Wheezing" was observed in the last 12 months in 6.6%; 12.5%; 12.2%. 3. More than three episodes of "wheezing" in the past 12 months were found in 0.9%; 2.5% and 2.3%. 4. Sleep disturbance from "wheezing" one or more nights a week during the last 12 months occurred in 1.9%; 1.3% and 1.4%. 5. Speech was limited to wheezing during the last 12 months in 0.5%; 1.7% and 1.5%. 6. The presence of asthma in the history was noted in 1.5%; 6.8% and 5.5%. 7. "Wheezing" in chest during or after exercise during the last 12 months was at 2.0%; 10.4% and 4.6%. 8. Dry cough at night (not associated with a cold or inflammatory diseases) over the past 12 months was noted at 6.9%; 13.7% and 11.9% of children. The percentage of positive answers to 8 questions of the ISAAC questionnaire in children 13-14 years was analyzed. The results are presented on issues for 2017, 2002 and 1998 respectively: 1. - 9.9%; 29.6%; and 25.3%. 2. - 3.4%; 20.9% and 12.9%. 3. - 0.4%; 2.5% and 1.2%. 4. - 0.6%; 1.1% and 0.8%. 5. - 0.5%; 2.3% and 1.9%. 6. - 1.6%; 5.5% and 6.1%. 7. - 2.8%; 20.6% and 13.2%. 8. - 4.6%; 19.3% and 12.1%. The obtained results and the dynamics of prevalence are analyzed in comparison with both average and individual data for different regions and countries of the world. The current prevalence of respiratory symptoms in children of Kharkiv was revealed in 15.9% (10.1% in the younger school age, 5.8% in the adolescent age). The trends to reduce both the prevalence and severity of BA manifestations in the region over the past 20 years have been identified. Attention is focused on the low level of diagnosis of BA.
The role of vascular intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (svcam-1) in inflammation development accompanying bronchial asthma in children
(2016) Odynets, Yu.; Vasylchenko, Y.
Особливості етіологічного спектру бронхіальної астми у дітей залежно від статі та віку
(2012) Шмуліч, Вадим Константинович; Прохоренко, Олексій Анатолійович; Шмуліч, Олеся Вадимівна; Старусева, Вікторія Вадимівна
У роботі подано результати алергічного тестування 695 дітей, хворих на бронхіальну астму. Метою дослідження стало уточнення причинно-значущого алергену залежно від статі та віку. Результати тестування оброблені з використанням математичного аналізу, приведені в номограми, відповідно до яких, враховуючи нозологічну форму хвороби, стать та вік пацієнта, можна визначити причинно-значущий алерген.
Прогнозування плацентарної дисфункції у жінок з хронічною респіраторною патологією
(2021) Білий, Євген Євгенович; Bilyi, Evgeny
Порушення у фетоплацентарному комплексі вагітних із хронічними респіраторними захворюваннями (ХРП) - одна з найактуальніших проблем сучасного акушерства у медичному, економічному та соціальному аспектах. Респіраторні хвороби в контексті порушень у фетоплацентарному комплексі (ФПК) можуть бути коморбідним процесом, фоновим щодо патології вагітності, або преморбідним станом, який сприяє розвитку плацентарної дисфункції (ПД) або навіть ініціює її; морфофізіологічні зміни, характерні для вагітності, також впливають на стан респіраторної системи, модеруючи перебіг бронхообструктивної патології. Наявність у жінки захворювань дихальної системи, вплив засобів її лікування та особливості перебігу і медичного супроводу вагітності в цих умовах відбиваються на стані як самої жінки, так і плода, та надалі - на фізичному й нервово-психічному розвитку дитини. Дисертаційне дослідження присвячено оптимізації прогнозування плацентарної дисфункції у вагітних із хронічною респіраторною патологією для попередження розвитку перинатальних ускладнень.