Methodological Approaches to the Development of Criteria for the Diagnosis of Prepathological States by Psychophysiological and Medical-Biological Indicators

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to investigate the problem of scientific rationale for approaches to early detection of prepathological conditions among different professional contingents. For this purpose, the role of biomedical and psychophysiological indicators was investigated based on the results of our own research works. Materials and methods. The method of assessing the risks of burnout was used to substantiate the role of psychophysiological indicators in determining prepathological states in workers of certain professions. The study was conducted using the Maslach Burnout Inventar (MBI-GS) questionnaire with subsequent statistical processing in the Jupiter Notebook environment. We used methods of logistic regression analysis and specialized software method “Eli-5”. To illustrate the mechanisms of action of medical-biological indicators the biological effects of electromagnetic radiation under conditions of low temperature were determined. The combined effect of these factors in a laboratory experiment for 30 days on the example of mature laboratory rats was studied. Results and discussion. The authors have proved that to effectively determine the risk groups for the development of professional burnout, it is advisable to use separate criterion-significant informative indicators using the Maslach Burnout-Inventar MBI-GS questionnaire. In addition, it is advisable to additionally determine the risks of developing burnout by the frequency of manifestations of symptoms of emotional exhaustion for the group of persons with prepathology. In order to prevent stress situational disorders among students when working with digital simulators, preliminary screening of emotional-stressful states with the subsequent application of psychocorrection measures is necessary. Modeling the complex effects of electromagnetic radiation and low temperatures made it possible to determine the features of the formation of biological effects in the body according to the criteria of physiological, morphological, immunological and biochemical changes. Thus, in the formation of the adaptive and immune response of the organism to the combined effect of these factors, the reduced temperature has a dominant share of the contribution. Conclusion. Our findings indicate that methodological approaches to the development of tools for the diagnosis of prepathological conditions, as the most effective element of primary prevention, should be based on the scientific basis of their structural elements. In the prevention of occupational diseases to the algorithm for determining the leading criteria for the recognition and differentiation of diseases at subclinical levels, it is advisable to include studies of a number of simple and effective medical-biological and psychophysiological indicators.