E O R G I A N EDICAL EWS ЕЖЕМЕСЯЧНЫЙ НАУЧНЫЙ ЖУРНАЛ Медицинские новости Грузии cfmfhsdtkjc cfvtlbwbyj cbf[ktyb No 6 (279) Июнь 2018ISSN 1512-0112 ТБИЛИСИ - NEW YORK GEORGIAN MEDICAL NEWS No 6 (279) 2018 ЕЖЕМЕСЯЧНЫЙ НАУЧНЫЙ ЖУРНАЛ ТБИЛИСИ - НЬЮ-ЙОРК Published in cooperation with and under the patronage of the Tbilisi State Medical University Издается в сотрудничестве и под патронажем Тбилисского государственного медицинского университета gamoicema Tbilisis saxelmwifo samedicino universitetTan TanamSromlobiTa da misi patrona;iT GMN: Georgian Medical News is peer-reviewed, published monthly journal committed to promoting the science and art of medicine and the betterment of public health, published by the GMN Editorial Board and The International Academy of Sciences, Education, Industry and Arts (U.S.A.) since 1994. GMN carries original scientific articles on medicine, biology and pharmacy, which are of experimental, theoretical and practical character; publishes original research, reviews, commentaries, editorials, essays, medical news, and correspondence in English and Russian. GMN is indexed in MEDLINE, SCOPUS, PubMed and VINITI Russian Academy of Sciences. The full text content is available through EBSCO databases. GMN: Медицинские новости Грузии - ежемесячный рецензируе мый научный журнал, издаётся Редакционной коллегией и Международной академией наук, образования, искусств и естествознания (IASEIA) США с 1994 года на русском и английском языках в целях поддержки медицинской науки и улучшения здравоохранения. В журнале публикуются оригинальные научные статьи в области медицины, биологии и фармации, статьи обзорного характера, научные сообщения, новости медицины и здравоохранения. Журнал индексируется в MEDLINE, отражён в базе данных SCOPUS, PubMed и ВИНИТИ РАН. Полнотекстовые статьи журнала доступны через БД EBSCO. GMN: Georgian Medical News – saqarTvelos samedicino siaxleni – aris yovelTviuri samecniero samedicino recenzirebadi Jurnali, gamoicema 1994 wlidan, warmoadgens saredaqcio kolegiisa da aSS-is mecnierebis, ganaTlebis, industriis, xelovnebisa da bunebismetyvelebis saerTaSoriso akademiis erTobliv gamocemas. GMN-Si rusul da inglisur enebze qveyndeba eqsperimentuli, Teoriuli da praqtikuli xasiaTis originaluri samecniero statiebi medicinis, biologiisa da farmaciis sferoSi, mimoxilviTi xasiaTis statiebi. Jurnali indeqsirebulia MEDLINE-is saerTaSoriso sistemaSi , asaxulia SCOPUS-is, PubMed-is da ВИНИТИ РАН-is monacemTa bazebSi. statiebis sruli teqsti xelmisawvdomia EBSCO-s monacemTa bazebidan. МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ НОВОСТИ ГРУЗИИ Ежемесячный совместный грузино-американский научный электронно-печатный журнал Агентства медицинской информации Ассоциации деловой прессы Грузии, Академии медицинских наук Грузии, Международной академии наук, индустрии, образования и искусств США. Издается с 1994 г., распространяется в СНГ, ЕС и США НАУЧНЫЙ РЕДАКТОР Лаури Манагадзе ГЛАВНЫЙ РЕДАКТОР Нино Микаберидзе ЗАМЕСТИТЕЛЬ ГЛАВНОГО РЕДАКТОРА Николай Пирцхалаишвили НАУЧНО-РЕДАКЦИОННЫЙ СОВЕТ Зураб Вадачкориа - председатель Научно-редакционного совета Михаил Бахмутский (США), Александр Геннинг (Германия), Амиран Гамкрелидзе (Грузия), Константин Кипиани (Грузия), Георгий Камкамидзе (Грузия), Паата Куртанидзе (Грузия), Вахтанг Масхулия (Грузия), Тамара Микаберидзе (Грузия), Тенгиз Ризнис (США), Реваз Сепиашвили (Грузия), Дэвид Элуа (США) НАУЧНО-РЕДАКЦИОННАЯ КОЛЛЕГИЯ Лаури Манагадзе - председатель Научно-редакционной коллегии Архимандрит Адам - Вахтанг Ахаладзе, Амиран Антадзе, Нелли Антелава, Тенгиз Асатиани, Гия Берадзе, Рима Бериашвили, Лео Бокерия, Отар Герзмава, Лиана Гогиашвили, Нодар Гогебашвили, Николай Гонгадзе, Лия Дваладзе, Манана Жвания, Ирина Квачадзе, Нана Квирквелия, Зураб Кеванишвили, Гурам Кикнадзе, Палико Кинтраиа, Теймураз Лежава, Джанлуиджи Мелотти, Караман Пагава, Мамука Пирцхалаишвили, Анна Рехвиашвили, Кеннет Уолкер, Рамаз Хецуриани, Рудольф Хохенфеллнер, Кахабер Челидзе, Тинатин Чиковани, Арчил Чхотуа, Рамаз Шенгелия Website: www.geomednews.org The International Academy of Sciences, Education, Industry & Arts. P.O.Box 390177, Mountain View, CA, 94039-0177, USA. Tel/Fax: (650) 967-4733 Версия: печатная. Цена: свободная. Условия подписки: подписка принимается на 6 и 12 месяцев. По вопросам подписки обращаться по тел.: 293 66 78. Контактный адрес: Грузия, 0177, Тбилиси, ул. Асатиани 7, III этаж, комната 313 тел.: 995(32) 254 24 91, 995(32) 222 54 18, 995(32) 253 70 58 Fax: +995(32) 253 70 58, e-mail: ninomikaber@hotmail.com; nikopir@dgmholding.com По вопросам размещения рекламы обращаться по тел.: 5(99) 97 95 93 © 2001. Ассоциация деловой прессы Грузии © 2001. The International Academy of Sciences, Education, Industry & Arts (USA) GEORGIAN MEDICAL NEWS Monthly Georgia-US joint scientific journal published both in electronic and paper formats of the Agency of Medical Information of the Georgian Association of Business Press; Georgian Academy of Medical Sciences; International Academy of Sciences, Education, Industry and Arts (USA). Published since 1994. Distributed in NIS, EU and USA. SCIENTIFIC EDITOR Lauri Managadze EDITOR IN CHIEF Nino Mikaberidze DEPUTY CHIEF EDITOR Nicholas Pirtskhalaishvili SCIENTIFIC EDITORIAL COUNCIL Zurab Vadachkoria - Head of Editorial council Michael Bakhmutsky (USA), Alexander Gënning (Germany), Amiran Gamkrelidze (Georgia), David Elua (USA), Konstantin Kipiani (Georgia), Giorgi Kamkamidze (Georgia), Paata Kurtanidze (Georgia), Vakhtang Maskhulia (Georgia), Tamara Mikaberidze (Georgia), Tengiz Riznis (USA), Revaz Sepiashvili (Georgia) SCIENTIFIC EDITORIAL BOARD Lauri Managadze - Head of Editorial board Archimandrite Adam - Vakhtang Akhaladze, Amiran Antadze, Nelly Antelava, Tengiz Asatiani, Gia Beradze, Rima Beriashvili, Leo Bokeria, Kakhaber Chelidze, Tinatin Chikovani, Archil Chkhotua, Lia Dvaladze, Otar Gerzmava, Liana Gogiashvili, Nodar Gogebashvili, Nicholas Gongadze, Rudolf Hohenfellner, Zurab Kevanishvili, Ramaz Khetsuriani, Guram Kiknadze, Paliko Kintraia, Irina Kvachadze, Nana Kvirkvelia, Teymuraz Lezhava, Gianluigi Melotti, Kharaman Pagava, Mamuka Pirtskhalaishvili, Anna Rekhviashvili, Ramaz Shengelia, Kenneth Walker, Manana Zhvania CONTACT ADDRESS IN TBILISI GMN Editorial Board 7 Asatiani Street, 3th Floor Tbilisi, Georgia 0177 Phone: 995 (32) 254-24-91 995 (32) 222-54-18 995 (32) 253-70-58 Fax: 995 (32) 253-70-58 CONTACT ADDRESS IN NEW YORK NINITEX INTERNATIONAL, INC. 3 PINE DRIVE SOUTH ROSLYN, NY 11576 U.S.A. Phone: +1 (917) 327-7732 WEBSITE www.geomednews.org К СВЕДЕНИЮ АВТОРОВ! При направлении статьи в редакцию необходимо соблюдать следующие правила: 1. Статья должна быть представлена в двух экземплярах, на русском или английском язы- ках, напечатанная через полтора интервала на одной стороне стандартного листа с шириной левого поля в три сантиметра. Используемый компьютерный шрифт для текста на русском и английском языках - Times New Roman (Кириллица), для текста на грузинском языке следует использовать AcadNusx. Размер шрифта - 12. К рукописи, напечатанной на компьютере, должен быть приложен CD со статьей. 2. Размер статьи должен быть не менее десяти и не более двадцати страниц машинописи, включая указатель литературы и резюме на английском, русском и грузинском языках. 3. В статье должны быть освещены актуальность данного материала, методы и результаты исследования и их обсуждение. При представлении в печать научных экспериментальных работ авторы должны указывать вид и количество экспериментальных животных, применявшиеся методы обезболивания и усыпления (в ходе острых опытов). 4. К статье должны быть приложены краткое (на полстраницы) резюме на английском, русском и грузинском языках (включающее следующие разделы: цель исследования, материал и методы, результаты и заключение) и список ключевых слов (key words). 5. Таблицы необходимо представлять в печатной форме. Фотокопии не принимаются. Все цифровые, итоговые и процентные данные в таблицах должны соответствовать таковым в тексте статьи. Таблицы и графики должны быть озаглавлены. 6. Фотографии должны быть контрастными, фотокопии с рентгенограмм - в позитивном изображении. Рисунки, чертежи и диаграммы следует озаглавить, пронумеровать и вставить в соответствующее место текста в tiff формате. 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Ссылки на цитируемые работы в тексте статьи даются в квадратных скобках в виде номера, соответствующего номеру данной работы в списке литературы. Большин- ство цитированных источников должны быть за последние 5-7 лет. 9. Для получения права на публикацию статья должна иметь от руководителя работы или учреждения визу и сопроводительное отношение, написанные или напечатанные на бланке и заверенные подписью и печатью. 10. В конце статьи должны быть подписи всех авторов, полностью приведены их фамилии, имена и отчества, указаны служебный и домашний номера телефонов и адреса или иные координаты. Количество авторов (соавторов) не должно превышать пяти человек. 11. Редакция оставляет за собой право сокращать и исправлять статьи. Корректура авторам не высылается, вся работа и сверка проводится по авторскому оригиналу. 12. Недопустимо направление в редакцию работ, представленных к печати в иных издательствах или опубликованных в других изданиях. При нарушении указанных правил статьи не рассматриваются. REQUIREMENTS Please note, materials submitted to the Editorial Office Staff are supposed to meet the following requirements: 1. Articles must be provided with a double copy, in English or Russian languages and typed or compu- ter-printed on a single side of standard typing paper, with the left margin of 3 centimeters width, and 1.5 spacing between the lines, typeface - Times New Roman (Cyrillic), print size - 12 (referring to Georgian and Russian materials). With computer-printed texts please enclose a CD carrying the same file titled with Latin symbols. 2. Size of the article, including index and resume in English, Russian and Georgian languages must be at least 10 pages and not exceed the limit of 20 pages of typed or computer-printed text. 3. Submitted material must include a coverage of a topical subject, research methods, results, and review. Authors of the scientific-research works must indicate the number of experimental biological spe- cies drawn in, list the employed methods of anesthetization and soporific means used during acute tests. 4. Articles must have a short (half page) abstract in English, Russian and Georgian (including the following sections: aim of study, material and methods, results and conclusions) and a list of key words. 5. Tables must be presented in an original typed or computer-printed form, instead of a photocopied version. Numbers, totals, percentile data on the tables must coincide with those in the texts of the articles. Tables and graphs must be headed. 6. Photographs are required to be contrasted and must be submitted with doubles. Please number each photograph with a pencil on its back, indicate author’s name, title of the article (short version), and mark out its top and bottom parts. Drawings must be accurate, drafts and diagrams drawn in Indian ink (or black ink). Photocopies of the X-ray photographs must be presented in a positive image in tiff format. Accurately numbered subtitles for each illustration must be listed on a separate sheet of paper. In the subtitles for the microphotographs please indicate the ocular and objective lens magnification power, method of coloring or impregnation of the microscopic sections (preparations). 7. Please indicate last names, first and middle initials of the native authors, present names and initials of the foreign authors in the transcription of the original language, enclose in parenthesis corresponding number under which the author is listed in the reference materials. 8. Please follow guidance offered to authors by The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors guidance in its Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals publica- tion available online at: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/uniform_requirements.html http://www.icmje.org/urm_full.pdf In GMN style for each work cited in the text, a bibliographic reference is given, and this is located at the end of the article under the title “References”. All references cited in the text must be listed. The list of refer- ences should be arranged alphabetically and then numbered. References are numbered in the text [numbers in square brackets] and in the reference list and numbers are repeated throughout the text as needed. The bibliographic description is given in the language of publication (citations in Georgian script are followed by Cyrillic and Latin). 9. To obtain the rights of publication articles must be accompanied by a visa from the project in- structor or the establishment, where the work has been performed, and a reference letter, both written or typed on a special signed form, certified by a stamp or a seal. 10. Articles must be signed by all of the authors at the end, and they must be provided with a list of full names, office and home phone numbers and addresses or other non-office locations where the authors could be reached. The number of the authors (co-authors) must not exceed the limit of 5 people. 11. Editorial Staff reserves the rights to cut down in size and correct the articles. Proof-sheets are not sent out to the authors. The entire editorial and collation work is performed according to the author’s original text. 12. Sending in the works that have already been assigned to the press by other Editorial Staffs or have been printed by other publishers is not permissible. Articles that Fail to Meet the Aforementioned Requirements are not Assigned to be Reviewed. avtorTa sayuradRebod! redaqciaSi statiis warmodgenisas saWiroa davicvaT Semdegi wesebi: 1. statia unda warmoadginoT 2 calad, rusul an inglisur enebze, dabeWdili standartuli furclis 1 gverdze, 3 sm siganis marcxena velisa da striqonebs Soris 1,5 intervalis dacviT. gamoyenebuli kompiuteruli Srifti rusul da ing- lisurenovan teqstebSi - Times New Roman (Кириллица), xolo qarTulenovan teqstSi saWiroa gamoviyenoT AcadNusx. Sriftis zoma – 12. statias Tan unda axldes CD statiiT. 2. statiis moculoba ar unda Seadgendes 10 gverdze naklebs da 20 gverdze mets literaturis siis da reziumeebis (inglisur, rusul da qarTul enebze) CaTvliT. 3. statiaSi saWiroa gaSuqdes: sakiTxis aqtualoba; kvlevis mizani; sakvlevi masala da gamoyenebuli meTodebi; miRebuli Sedegebi da maTi gansja. eqsperimen- tuli xasiaTis statiebis warmodgenisas avtorebma unda miuTiTon saeqsperimento cxovelebis saxeoba da raodenoba; gautkivarebisa da daZinebis meTodebi (mwvave cdebis pirobebSi). 4. statias Tan unda axldes reziume inglisur, rusul da qarTul enebze aranakleb naxevari gverdis moculobisa (saTauris, avtorebis, dawesebulebis miTiTebiT da unda Seicavdes Semdeg ganyofilebebs: mizani, masala da meTodebi, Sedegebi da daskvnebi; teqstualuri nawili ar unda iyos 15 striqonze naklebi) da sakvanZo sityvebis CamonaTvali (key words). 5. cxrilebi saWiroa warmoadginoT nabeWdi saxiT. yvela cifruli, Sema- jamebeli da procentuli monacemebi unda Seesabamebodes teqstSi moyvanils. 6. fotosuraTebi unda iyos kontrastuli; suraTebi, naxazebi, diagramebi - dasaTaurebuli, danomrili da saTanado adgilas Casmuli. rentgenogramebis fotoaslebi warmoadgineT pozitiuri gamosaxulebiT tiff formatSi. mikrofoto- suraTebis warwerebSi saWiroa miuTiToT okularis an obieqtivis saSualebiT gadidebis xarisxi, anaTalebis SeRebvis an impregnaciis meTodi da aRniSnoT su- raTis zeda da qveda nawilebi. 7. samamulo avtorebis gvarebi statiaSi aRiniSneba inicialebis TandarTviT, ucxourisa – ucxouri transkripciiT. 8. statias Tan unda axldes avtoris mier gamoyenebuli samamulo da ucxo- uri Sromebis bibliografiuli sia (bolo 5-8 wlis siRrmiT). anbanuri wyobiT warmodgenil bibliografiul siaSi miuTiTeT jer samamulo, Semdeg ucxoeli avtorebi (gvari, inicialebi, statiis saTauri, Jurnalis dasaxeleba, gamocemis adgili, weli, Jurnalis #, pirveli da bolo gverdebi). monografiis SemTxvevaSi miuTiTeT gamocemis weli, adgili da gverdebis saerTo raodenoba. teqstSi kvadratul fCxilebSi unda miuTiToT avtoris Sesabamisi N literaturis siis mixedviT. mizanSewonilia, rom citirebuli wyaroebis umetesi nawili iyos 5-6 wlis siRrmis. 9. statias Tan unda axldes: a) dawesebulebis an samecniero xelmZRvane- lis wardgineba, damowmebuli xelmoweriTa da beWdiT; b) dargis specialistis damowmebuli recenzia, romelSic miTiTebuli iqneba sakiTxis aqtualoba, masalis sakmaoba, meTodis sandooba, Sedegebis samecniero-praqtikuli mniSvneloba. 10. statiis bolos saWiroa yvela avtoris xelmowera, romelTa raodenoba ar unda aRematebodes 5-s. 11. redaqcia itovebs uflebas Seasworos statia. teqstze muSaoba da Se- jereba xdeba saavtoro originalis mixedviT. 12. dauSvebelia redaqciaSi iseTi statiis wardgena, romelic dasabeWdad wardgenili iyo sxva redaqciaSi an gamoqveynebuli iyo sxva gamocemebSi. aRniSnuli wesebis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi statiebi ar ganixileba. GEORGIAN MEDICAL NEWS No 6 (279) 2018 © GMN 5 Содержание: Шулутко А.М., Османов Э.Г., Гогохия Т.Р., Натрошвили А.Г., Мачарадзе А.Д. ВОЗДУШНО-ПЛАЗМЕННАЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ В КОМПЛЕКСНОМ ЛЕЧЕНИИ РАНЕВОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ........................................................................................................ 7 Kozlovska I., Kornaga S., Kykhtyn M., Horiuk Y., Karatieieva S. FORMATION OF BIOFILMS BY BACTERIA EXCRETED FROM CHRONIC ANAL FISSURE AND THE INFLUENCE OF THE DIRECT CURRENT ELECTRIC FIELD ON THEM .............................................................. 12 Дабрундашвили З.Г., Бахтуридзе Д.Г., Мардалеишвили К.М. ОЦЕНКА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ РАСШИРЕННО-КОМБИНИРОВАННЫХ ОПЕРАЦИЙ НА ЗОНАХ ПРЕ- И ПАРАТРАХЕАЛЬНОГО МЕТАСТАЗИРОВАНИЯ ПРИ РАКЕ ПОДСКЛАДОЧНОГО ОТДЕЛА ГОРТАНИ............................................................................................................... 18 Vashakidze N., Mebonia N., Kereselidze M., Gvamichava R., Zhizhilashvili S. EFFECT OF SELECTED PROGNOSTIC AND RISK FACTORS ON SURVIVAL OF WOMEN WITH BREAST CANCER IN GEORGIA .................................................................................................................. 23 Meiramova A., Smagulova A., Akhetova N., Ukybasova T., Ainabekova B. PLACENTAL GROWTH FACTOR AND MATERNAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE FIRST TRIMESTER AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN OF KAZAKH NATIONALITY .................................................. 29 Ониськова О.В., Ющенко Л.А., Тихолаз В.А., Олейник В.С., Моисеенко А.А. АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ ПАПИЛЛОМАВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ (ОБЗОР) .................................. 33 Солопова А. Г., Солопова А.Е., Макацария А.Д., Москвичева В.С., Капанадзе Д.Л. СОВРЕМЕННЫЙ ВЗГЛЯД НА ЭТИОПАТОГЕНЕЗ И НОВЫЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ДИАГНОСТИКИ МИОМ МАТКИ (ОБЗОР) .............................................................................. 42 Татарчук Т.Ф., Захаренко Н.Ф., Бачинская И.В., Косей Н.В. ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ АУТОИММУННОГО ПОРАЖЕНИЯ ЯИЧНИКОВ В ПУБЕРТАТНОМ ПЕРИОДЕ ........................................................................................................................................................ 49 Tskimanauri N., Khachapuridze N., Imnadze P., Chanadiri T., Bakhtadze S. CORRELATION BETWEEN PERINATAL RISK FACTORS AND NEURODEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOMES IN CHILDREN AT 24 MONTHS OF AGE ....................................................................................................................................... 56 Jincharadze N., Kazakhashvili N., Sakvarelidze I., Gerzmava O. HEALTH OF CHILDREN UNDER 12 MONTHS OF AGE IN GEORGIA .................................................................................... 62 Kherkheulidze M., Chkhaidze I., Kavlashvili N., Kandelaki E., Adamia N., Abelashvili D., Tabatadze T. EVALUATION OF DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOMES WITH BAYLEY III TEST IN PRETERM INFANTS
 WITH RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME ........................................................................................................................... 67 Брынза М.С., Бильченко А.В., Махаринская Е.С., Шевчук М.И., Яблучанский Н.И. ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ КРОВООБРАЩЕНИЯ В ПЕРВЫЕ 3 МЕСЯЦА ПОСЛЕ РАДИОЧАСТОТНОЙ АБЛЯЦИИ ФИБРИЛЛЯЦИИ И ТРЕПЕТАНИЯ ПРЕДСЕРДИЙ ............................................ 73 \ Petyunina O., Kopytsya M., Kuznetsov I., Vyshnevska I. PROGNOSTICATION OF CLINICAL OUTCOMES AFTER STEMI: THE ROLE OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR-A ......................................................................................... 79 Пинчук В.А., Кривчун А.М., Суббота Л.Ю., Силенко Г.Я., Пинчук В.В. ВЕРОЯТНЫЙ ПРОГРЕССИРУЮЩИЙ СУПРАНУКЛЕАРНЫЙ ПАРАЛИЧ (СИНДРОМ СТИЛА-РИЧАРДСОНА- ОЛЬШЕВСКОГО): КЛИНИЧЕСКОЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЕ ................................................................................................................ 87 Delva M., Lytvynenko N., Delva I. FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE TIME-BASED PHENOMENOLOGY OF POST-STROKE FATIGUE OVER THE FIRST YEAR AFTER STROKE OCCURRENCE ...................................................................................................... 92 Daschuk A., Dobrzhanskaya Ye., Pustovaya N. THE ROLE OF THE STRESS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SEVERE FORMS OF PSORIASIS (CASE REPORT) ................. 97 Kanashvili B., Saganelidze K., Ratiani L. THE ROLE OF PROCALCITONIN AND BLOOD LACTIC ACID VALUES IN PROGNOSIS OF SEPSIS AND SEPTIC SHOCK IN POLYTRAUMA PATIENTS ................................................................ 102 6 МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ НОВОСТИ ГРУЗИИ CFMFHSDTKJC CFVTLBWBYJ CBF[KTYB Шнайдер К.В., Моренко М.А., Ковзель Е.Ф., Гатауова М.Р., Усенова О.П. КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ ТЯЖЕЛОЙ КОМБИНИРОВАННОЙ ИММУННОЙ НЕДОСТАТОЧНОСТИ ......................... 107 Fedota O., Roschenyuk L., Tyzhnenko T., Merenkova I., Vorontsov V. PHARMACOGENETIC EFFECTS OF METHOTREXATE IN UKRAINIAN PATIENTS DEPENDING ON THE MTHFR GENOTYPES (CLINICAL CASES) .........................................111 Пилипко И.В., Галицкая-Хархалис А.Я., Геник Т.Р., Флекей Н.В., Панчишин Н.Я. МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ВНУТРЕННЕЙ СТРУКТУРЫ ОРГАНОВ МОЧЕПОЛОВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ КРЫС ПРИ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИИ ПОРТАЛЬНОЙ ГИПЕРТЕНЗИИ ............................................. 117 Mostovoy Y., Demchuk A., Konstantynovych T., Chichirelo-Konstantynovych K., Demchuk A. FROM THE PERSISTENT EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS INFECTION TO ANGIOIMMUNOBASTIC T-CELL LYMPHOMA - DRAMATIC CONVERGENCE. ANALYSIS OF THE CLINICAL CASE ................................................................................... 122 Avilova O., Shyian D., Marakushin D., Erokhina V., Gargin V. ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE ORGANS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF XENOBIOTICS ........................................................................................................................... 132 Абхазава М.В., Квачадзе И.Д., Цагарели М.Г., Мжаванадзе Д.Ш, Чичинадзе Г.Н. КОРРЕЛЯЦИЯ СТЕПЕНИ МЕХАНИЧЕСКОЙ БОЛЕВОЙ ЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТИ С КОНЦЕНТРАЦИЕЙ БЕЛКА µ-ОПИОИДНОГО РЕЦЕПТОРА В РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ФАЗАХ ОВАРИАЛЬНО-МЕНСТРУАЛЬНОГО ЦИКЛА .......................................................................................................................... 137 Iatsyna O., Vernygorodskyi S., Kostyev F. MORPHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF NO-SYNTHASE DISTRIBUTION IN OVERACTIVE BLADDER AND STRESS URINE INCONTINENCE IN ANIMAL MODELS ADMINISTERED WITH EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOCORRECTION REGIMENS ......................................................................................... 143 Voloshchuk N., Melnik A., Danchenko O., Nechiporuk V., Kosechenko N. THE STATE OF THE CYSTATHIONINE GAMMA-LYASE / H2S SYSTEM IN THE LIVER AND SKELETAL MUSCLES OF RATS WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA UNDER SIMVASTATIN ADMINISTRATION ............................................................................................................................... 150 Karsanidze A., Antelava N., Gorgasledze N., Ghonghadze M., Okudzhava M., Pachkoria K. STATIN-ASSOCIATED INTOLERANCE AND ITS PREVENTION ............................................................................................ 155 Iermolenko T., Krivoshapkа A, Shapoval O. DYNAMICS OF INDICATORS OF ANTIOXIDANT PROTECTION IN RESPONSE TO THE APPLICATION OF SODIUM POLY-(2.5- DIHYDROXYPHENILEN)-4- THIOSULFATE ACID IN EXPERIMENTAL ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY .......................................................................................................................... 161 Ларина С.Н., Сахарова Т.В, Чебышев Н.В., Беречикидзе И.А., Деркачева Н.И. ОСОБЕННОСТИ МЕТАБОЛИЗМА ПАРАЗИТИЧЕСКИХ ПРОСТЕЙШИХ И ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ РАЗРАБОТКИ АНТИПРОТОЗОЙНЫХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ (ОБЗОР) ........................................................ 171 Kuzminska E, Оmelchuk S., Karlova E., Grinzovskyy A. DRUG-FREE MODALITIES OF IRON DEFICIENCY CONDITIONS IN UKRAINE .............................................................. 175 Bagmut I., Kolisnyk I., Titkova A., Babiy L., Filipchenko S. NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHESIS INTENSITY ASSESSMENT BY THE CONTENT OF ITS TERMINAL STABLE METABOLITES IN THE BLOOD OF RATS UNDER FLUORIDE INTOXICATION ............. 180 Манатова А.М., Семенова Ю.М., Пивина Л.М., Белихина Т.И., Булегенов Т.А. ОЦЕНКА КАЧЕСТВА ЖИЗНИ ПОТОМКОВ ЛИЦ, ПОДВЕРГШИХСЯ ОБЛУЧЕНИЮ В РЕЗУЛЬТАТЕ ИСПЫТАНИЙ ЯДЕРНОГО ОРУЖИЯ В КАЗАХСТАНЕ .............................................................................. 184 Korotkyi O., Vovk A., Kuryk O., Dvorshchenko K., Falalyeyeva T., Ostapchenko L. CO-ADMINISTRATION OF LIVE PROBIOTICS WITH CHONDROPROTECTOR IN MANAGEMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS .................................................................................... 191 Krynytska I., Marushchak M., Svan O., Akimova V., Mazur L., Habor H. THE INDICES OF ENDOGENOUS INTOXICATION IN RATS WITH CARRAGEENAN SOLUTION CONSUMPTION .............................................................................................................. 196 132 МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ НОВОСТИ ГРУЗИИ CFMFHSDTKJC CFVTLBWBYJ CBF[KTYB Development of human civilization since the XX cen- tury is undoubtedly connected with more efficient food distribution chaining processes as chronic lack of time in highly developed societies resulted in changes in their lifestyles and in patterns of consumption [17]. Migration from FCM might be the largest source of food contami- nation in terms of amount as well as the number of sub- stances. Nonetheless, maybe because of its complexity, but also the little alerting character (clean-looking materi- als, no intention of being toxic like pesticides), it was not given corresponding weight for a long time [7]. Nowadays scientific achievements in various areas of lives have caused the creation of more and more «for- eign body substances» known as xenobiotics. Differ- ent chemical shave the detrimental effect on the body systems and, thus, all humanity. Diverse xenobiotics have an immuno-suppressive effect and, therefore, the organism becomes responsive to viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases [5]. Exposure to environmental con- taminants can produce profound effects on the immune system. Many different classes of xenobiotics can sig- nificantly suppress or enhance immune responsiveness depending on the levels (i.e. dose) and context (i.e. tim- ing, route) of exposure [8]. The immune system reacts sensitively to a concentration of chemical substances that are not yet toxic to other systems of the organism [6]. Understanding how environmental contaminants impact immune responsiveness not only helps in the effective regulation of pollutants and improving public health, but also provides novel insights into basic func- tions of the immune system [8]. The immune system plays a crucial role in maintaining health; however, accumulating evidence indicates that this system can be the target for immunotoxic effects caused by a variety of chemicals including the environmental pollutants. The thymus and spleen are primary lymphoid organ that manifests dynamic physiological changes as animal age in addition to being exquisitely sensitive to stress and toxic insult [6, 13] with the first lymphoid tis- sue to respond to immunotoxicxenobiotics in that organs usually. One of xenobiotics type is class of polyethers belong- ing to the group called “Laproxides”, which are used in various sectors of the economy for the obtaining plastics, epoxy resins, lacquers, enamels, adhesives, etc. For the present research widely used polyether – tryglycidyl ether of polyoxypropylenetriol (TEPPT) [2,12] with molecular weight 303 (L-303) was chosen. Manufactures based on polyethers are used in machine-building, radio engineer- ing, pharmaceutical, chemical, aviation, automotive and other branches of the national economy. The choice of this group of substances was performed due to large volumes of production, extensive contact with the population, the lack of prognostic characteristics of their potential danger for humans and warm-blooded animals, and the need to justify pathological mechanisms of structural and meta- bolic disorders under prolonged intake of subtoxic doses. As it is widely accepted that human health is a product of both genetics and the environment; a premise that also holds true for the immune system [8] with unclear mor- phogenetic aspect we select the purpose of our work as de- tection of ultrastructural changes in the spleen and thymus under the influence of tryglycidyl ether of polyoxypropyl- enetriol and propylene glycol. Material and methods. Experimental work was per- formed as a part of the research topic of the Human Anatomy department of the Kharkiv National Medical University «Morphological features of the organs and systems of the human body at the stages of ontogen- esis”, (number of the state registration 0114U003388) as we described before [2]. The study was performed on 72 outbreed WAG male matured rats with the weight 200±10g. The control and experimental series consisted of animals of the same age. Animals were divided into 2 series. The first seria - control animals (3 groups, 8 an- imals in each), were fed a regular diet and received an appropriate amount of water. The second seria was ex- perimental animals. They were randomly divided into 3 groups 8 in each depending on the dose of induced poly- ether and duration of administration: 7 days, 15 days, 30 days and 45 days. All laboratory animals were maintained in the conventional environment of Kharkiv National Medical University vivarium in a controlled-temperature room 20±2°C, humidity 65±10%. All rats were treated via gastric gavage during 7, 15, 30, 45 days by aqueous solutions of TEPPT and propylene glycol (PP) in the doses 1/10 and 1/100 LD50 in conversion to 5.75 g/kg and 26.38 g/kg. At the end of the investigation, changes were observed. Food intake and body weight were mea- sured every 2 days. All rodents were deduced from the experiment by immediate cervical dislocation according to European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals (Strasbourg, 18.03.1986), principles of Ukrai- nian law №3447-IV about the protection of animals from cruel treatment. Ultramicroscopic examination of the spleen and thymus has been performed also. For electron microscopic ex- amination immediately after removing a pieces of spleen and thymus with a volume of 1 mm3 were immersed in a glutaraldehyde fixator according to M.Karnovsky for 24 ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE ORGANS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF XENOBIOTICS Avilova O., Shyian D., Marakushin D., Erokhina V., Gargin V. Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine GEORGIAN MEDICAL NEWS No 6 (279) 2018 © GMN 133 hours. After this, the material was kept in 1% osmium te- traoxide according to G.Palade for 1 hour, dehydrated in ethanol of increasing concentration and absolute acetone, poured with a mixture of epoxy resins (epon-araldit). Po- lymerization was carried out for 36 hours at 60°C. Ul- trathin sections 0.5 μm thickness were made on ultrami- crotome UMTP-4 of Sumy Electron factory (Ukraine), contrasted in a solution of uranyl acetate and lead citrate according to E.Reynolds and investigated in an electron microscope EM-125 with the following photographing. Part of obtained material was fixed in 10% neutral buff- ered formalin for 24 hours, were subjected to standard proceeding and embedded in paraffin. From the prepared blocks made serial sections thick 5x10-6 m. Slides were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) [2]. Histologi- cal examination of removed spleens was performed ac- cording to accepted guidelines with microscope «Olympus BX41» followed by morphometric study using “Olympus DP-soft 3.12” program. All values are expressed as means, standard deviation and standard error of the mean for sta- tistical analysis. Statistical comparison was performed us- ing Mann-Whitney test for statistical analysis [11]. The accepted level of significance was p≤0.05. Results and their discussion. We described the re- ceived and analyzed data about macroscopical and his- tolological changes of spleen under TEPPT influence in previous work [2]. We detected that The spleen is very sensitive to the effects of xenobiotics. In rats after the administration of TEPPT, white pulp of spleen is represented by periarterial lymphoid folli- cles occasionally containing germinal centers (Fig. 1b). The diameter of the lymph follicles is statistically sig- nificantly different with the control data from 7th day, in later observation periods the indices become smaller than in the control groups [2]. The germinal centers of the lymph nodes in the early periods of observation are visualized only in single lymphatic follicles. Their diameter is smaller than in groups of control animals. The parameters of the width of the mantle and marginal zones of lymphatic follicles are also reduced in com- parison with the control. The central arteries of lym- phatic follicles have thicker walls due to the develop- ment of sclerotic changes. Trabecular connective tissue is well defined, its thickness is increased. Morphomet- ric data prove that TEPPT is even reflected in histologi- cal features (reliable changes of the of the white pulp area of the spleen from 17.87±1.04% to 27.37±1.71%, diameter of lymphatic follicles from 426.59±11.18 μm to 382.31±11.73 μm, width of the mantle zone from 45.73±1.08 μm to 37.18±2.29 μm, width of the mar- ginal zone from 81.32±1.79 μm to 74.63±2.08 μm, width of the periarterial zone from 88.73±2.69 μm to 97.24±2.61 μm) [2]. The cellular composition of the white pulp of the spleen is represented by small, medium and large lym- phocytes, plasmocytes, and macrophages, but small forms of lymphocytes predominate. There are cells of the my- eloid sprout series: neutrophilic, eosinophilic, basophilic granulocytes and erythrocytes. Large, rounded nuclei of small lymphocytes are evenly surrounded by a narrow rim of the cytoplasm in control group (Fig. 1a). The nuclei are dominated by compact het- erochromatin, which belongs to the inner nuclear mem- brane in the form of a wide girdle, passing into centrally located clumps, between which is a diffuse euchromatin. Margination of chromatin has been observed. Nuclei of- ten have invaginations of karyolemma, sometimes they contain nucleolus, dilatation of mitochondria (Fig. 1c-f). Fig. 1. Electron microscopy of spleen from control group, magnification x8000 (a); Histological structure of spleen after 45 days of treating by solutions of TEPPT in the dose 1/10 LD50, H&E stain, magnification x100 (b); Ultrastructural changes in spleen under influence of xe- nobiotics with diffuse euchromatin in nuclei, appearance of pronounced invaginations of karyolemma (arrows), condensed, wrinkled cytoplasm, chromatin aggregation in the form of clumps of various shapes and sizes with peripheral localization of chromatin (dots on (d)), dila- tation of mitochondria, vacuolization of cytoplasm (dots on (f)); all electron microscopy images are obtained on magnification x8000 (c-f). Changes characterized by pronounced polymorphism in the structure of white pulp have been revealed in elec- tron microscopic examination of the spleen of animals after application of xenobiotics. Significant amount of lymphocytes with signs of apoptosis has been detected in white pulp after 7, 15, 30, 45 days of TEPPT and PP appli- cation. There is the presence of a condensed, wrinkled cy- toplasm, a densified nuclei, which have sinuous contours, chromatin aggregation in the form of clumps of various shapes and sizes, the appearance of clavate protrusions, deep invaginations and constrictions of the nuclear enve- lope with fragmentation of the nucleus in later stages in such these cells (Fig. 1c-f). Amount of cellular elements of spleen is reduced in 45 days (Table 1). 134 МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ НОВОСТИ ГРУЗИИ CFMFHSDTKJC CFVTLBWBYJ CBF[KTYB Fig. 2. Electron microscopy of thymus with dense nuclei and the presence of granules or vacuoles filled with amor- phous substance in the medullar layer (dots), developed endoplasmaticular reticulum, magnification x8000 (a); Histological structure of thymus after 45 days of treating by solutions of TEPPT in the dose 1/10 LD50, H&E stain, magnification x100 (b); Ultrastructural changes in thy- mus under influence of xenobiotics with diffuse euchro- matin in nuclei, appearance of pronounced invaginations of karyolemma (arrows on (d) and (f)) till fragmentation of nuclei (arrow on(e)), condensed, wrinkled cytoplasm, chromatin aggregation in the form of clumps of various shapes and sizes with peripheral localization (dots on (c)), dilatation of mitochondria, vacuolization of cyto- plasm; all electron microscopy images are obtained on magnification x8000 (c-f) Histological structure of thymus lobules was presented of cortical and medullar substance (Fig. 2b). In the struc- ture of these components, there were very subtle mor- phological no principal differences. Therefore, when we described the ultrastructure of the cells of the organ under investigation, we considered it possible not to separate the cells of the medulla and cortex separately, especially since the changes observed during the experiment had a similar, unidirectional character. According to usual structure Gassal’s bodies have been detected in the medullar substance as concentric clusters of degenerating stellate thyocytes. Large epithelial have been revealed also as cells with a rounded, weak or me- dium electron density nucleus and the presence of gran- ules or vacuoles filled with amorphous substance in the medullar layer (Fig. 2a). Phenomena evidencing both hydropic dystrophy, as well as changes interpreted as signs of apoptosis have been revealed in the epithelial cells. There is significantly increased amount of cells with such changes compared to control group. In particular, apoptosis was indicated by such signs as a sharp increase of the electron-optical density of the cytosol with a decrease in the density of the cytoplasm (cytopicnosis) and shrinkage of the nucleus (karyopicnosis), accompanied by an increase in chroma- tin condensation in the karyoplasm. Loosening of the cytosol has been observed in many thy- mocytes with a decrease in the optical density of the cyto- plasm and decrease of the density of the mitochondrial ma- trix with the enlightenment of the organelles and a violation of the ordered arrangement of cristae there, dilatation of the channels of the cytoplasmic reticulum, and decrease in the level of chromatin in the nuclei. The described ultrastructural changes were regarded by us as manifestations of hydropic dystrophy (fig. 2c-f). Amount of cellular elements of thymus is reduced in 45 days of experiment (Table). Similar changes have been observed in the lympho- cytes of the thymus. Thus, in particular, a sharp decrease in the chromatin content has been noted in the nuclei of the cells with clarification of the central part of the nuclei and the condensation of small amounts of heterochroma- tin near the nuclear membrane. Thus, the obtained results testify about the development of hydropic dystrophy in cellular elements of the thymus on the one hand, and the intensification of apoptosis processes on the other, as in- fluence of TEPPT and PP [10]. So, the revealed structural changes in the spleen of ani- mals indicate the hypoplasia of white pulp, which some authors attribute to the increased incidence of apoptosis and a decrease in the level of cell proliferation in response to the effect of an unfavorable factor [3,6]. Table. Influence of the 1/100 LD50 and 1/10 LD50 of TEPPT and PP on the general amount of cellular elements of thymus and spleen in square 104 μm2 O r- ga n Area of organ Control TEPPT PP 1/100 LD50 1/10 LD50 1/100 LD50 1/10 LD50 Sp le en Mantle zone of follicle 171.1±4.1 152.4±8.4 123.7±10.8* 162.7±7.9 143.6±8.9* Marginal zone of follicle 104.6±3.8 89.3±6.9 79.4±9.7* 93.2±6.4 84.2±7.3* Th ym us Cortical zone of thymus 180.1±3.9 158.4±6.8* 128.3±9.1* 165.9±5.8 148.1±8.5* Medullar zone of thymus 137.4±3.7 117.8±7.2 98.6±8.3* 124.7±6.7 108.9±7.6* note:* - statistically significant differences with the control group (p<0.05) GEORGIAN MEDICAL NEWS No 6 (279) 2018 © GMN 135 Our results clearly show that influence of TEPPT and PP in thymus and spleen is directly involved in thymocyte loss with more active process of involution due to activa- tion of apoptosis and appearance of degenerative changes [16]. They also indicate that spleen is characterized in- juring both T-zone and B-zone suppression. It can realize in immunosuppression as evaluation of the immunotoxic potency of agents as part of risk assessment is currently established in vivo with animal models and in vitro with cell lines or primary cells in different organs under influ- ence of xenobiotics [9,14,15]. Ultrastructural changes of thymus and spleen due to the presence of lymphocytes, the immunotoxic effects of xenobiotics or their metabolites on these cell populations may be reflected in the thymus and spleen even more sig- nificantly. The two major functional organs of the immune system with specific decreased cellularity, as it could be suggestive of deficits immune responses [1,4]. The induction of 1/10LD50 and 1/100LD50 is charac- terized severe impact that is apparently explained by the dose, and, hence during investigation was noticed that this dose has statistically significant impact almost on all indi- cators of cellular morphometry on 45th day. Conclusions: On the base of obtained results we can conclude that structure of spleen and thymus is suscep- tible to influence of tryglycidyl ether of polyoxypropyl- enetriol and propylene glycol. Ultrastructural changes in those organs of the immune system are characterized by margination of chromatin in nuclei, appearance of pro- nounced invaginations of karyolemma till fragmentation of nuclei; condensed, wrinkled cytoplasm, dilatation of mitochondria, vacuolization of cytoplasm. Such changes are manifestation of hydropic dystrophy and apoptosis de- velopment with resulting in reducing of cellular density in 45 days more pronounced under TEPPT influence with 1/10 LD50 dose: in mantle zone of spleen follicle from 171.1±4.1to 123.7±10.8 cells/104 μm2, in marginal zone of spleen follicle from 104.6±3.8 to 79.4±9.7, in cortical zone of thymus from 180.1±3.9 to 128.3±9.1, in medullar zone of thymus from 137.4±3.7 to 98.6±8.3. REFERENCES 1. Ansari MA, Shukla AK, Oves M, Khan HM. 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Bioanalysis. 2018 Apr 1;10(7):445-449. 6. De Jong WH, Van Loveren H. Screening of xenobiotics for direct immunotoxicity in an animal study. Methods. 2007 Jan;41(1):3-8. 7. Grob K. The European system for the control of the safety of food-contact materials needs restructuring: a review and outlook for discussion. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2017 Sep;34(9):1643-1659. 8. Kreitinger JM, Beamer CA, Shepherd DM. Environmental Immunology: Lessons Learned from Exposure to a Select Panel of Immunotoxicants. J Immunol. 2016 Apr 15;196(8):3217-25. 9. Lytvynenko M, Bocharova T, Zhelezniakova N, Narbutova T, Gargin V. Cervical transformation in alcohol abuse patients. Georgian Med News. 2017 Oct;(271):12-17. 10. Mikušová R, Mešťanová V, Polák Š, Varga I. What do we know about the structure of human thymic Hassall‘s corpuscles? A histochemical, immunohistochemical, and electron micro- scopic study. Ann Anat. 2017 May;211:140-148. 11. Myers J.L.; Well A.D. (2003). Research Design and Statisti- cal Analysis (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum. p. 508. 12. National Toxicology Program Nonneoplastic Lesion Atlas: A Guide for Standardizing Terminology in Toxicologic Patholo- gy forRodents [Internet]. Research Triangle Park, NC: National Toxicology Program; 2014 [cited 2017 Jun 21]. Available from: https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/index.cfm. 13. Nohara K, Pan X, Tsukumo S, Hida A, Ito T, Nagai H, In- ouye K, Motohashi H, Yamamoto M, Fujii-Kuriyama Y, Tohya- ma C. Constitutively active aryl hydrocarbon receptor expressed specifically in T-lineage cells causes thymus involution and sup- presses the immunization-induced increase in splenocytes. J Im- munol. 2005 Mar 1;174(5):2770-7. 14. Romaniuk AM, Sauliak SV, Moskalenko RA, Moskalenko IuV. [Spermatogenic function under the influence of heavy met- al salts and its correction by preparation Tivortin]. [Article in Ukrainian]. Lik Sprava. 2012 Jan-Mar;(1-2):123-8. 15. Sewald K, Braun A. Assessment of immunotoxicity using precision-cut tissue slices. Xenobiotica. 2013 Jan;43(1):84-97. 16. Sutjarit S, Poapolathep A. Fusarenon-X-induced apoptosis in the liver, kidney, and spleen of mice. J Toxicol Pathol. 2016 Jul;29(3):207-11. 17. Szczepanska N, Kudlak B, Namiesnik J. Recent advances in assessing xenobiotics migrating from packaging material - A review. Anal Chim Acta. 2018;1023:1-21. SUMMARY ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE OR- GANS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF XENOBIOTICS Avilova O., Shyian D., Marakushin D., Erokhina V., Gargin V. Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine Nowadays scientific achievements in various areas of lives have caused the creation of more and more «foreign body substances» known as xenobiotics. As it is widely accepted that human health is a product of both genetics 136 МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ НОВОСТИ ГРУЗИИ CFMFHSDTKJC CFVTLBWBYJ CBF[KTYB and the environment; and premise that also holds true for the immune system with unclear morphogenetic aspect, so we selected the purpose of our work as detection of ultrastructural changes in the spleen and thymus under the influence of tryglycidyl ether of polyoxypropylenetriol (TEPPT) and propylene glycol (PP). Subacute experiment has been performed on the matured male rat’s with administration of 1/10 LD50 and 1/100 LD50 of TEPPT and PP during 7 days, 15 days, 30 days and 45 days. Obtained materials of spleen and thymus have been investigated with ultramicroscopic and histological exami- nation. Detection of cellular density has been performed. On the base of obtained results we can conclude that structure of spleen and thymus is susceptible to influence of TEPPT and PP. Ultrastructural changes in those organs of the immune system are characterized by margination of chromatin in nuclei, appearance of pronounced invagi- nations of karyolemma till fragmentation of nuclei; con- densed, wrinkled cytoplasm, dilatation of mitochondria, vacuolization of cytoplasm. Such changes are manifesta- tion of hydropic dystrophy and apoptosis development with resulting in reducing of cellular density in 45 days more pronounced under TEPPT influence with 1/10 LD50 dose: in mantle zone of spleen follicle from 171.1±4.1to 123.7±10.8 cells/104 μm2, in marginal zone of spleen fol- licle from 104.6±3.8 to 79.4±9.7, in cortical zone of thy- mus from 180.1±3.9 to 128.3±9.1, in medullar zone of thymus from 137.4±3.7 to 98.6±8.3. Keywords: spleen, thymus, immunotoxicology, mor- phology, xenobiotics, polyesters, propylene glycol. РЕЗЮМЕ УЛЬТРАСТРУКТУРНЫЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ОРГА- НОВ ИММУННОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ПОД ВОЗДЕЙ- СТВИЕМ КСЕНОБИОТИКОВ Авилова О.В., Шиян Д.Н., Маракушин Д.И., Ерохина В.В., Гаргин В.В. Харьковский национальный медицинский универси- тет, Украина Целью исследования явилось определение ультра- структурных изменений селезенки и тимуса под воз- действием триглицидилового эфира полиоксипропи- лентриола и полипропиленгликоля. При проведении подострого эксперимента изуча- ли ультраструктурные изменения селезенки и тимуса зрелых крыс-самцов после введения 1/10 LD50 и 1/100 LD50 триглицидилового эфира полиоксипропилентриола (ТЭППТ) и пропиленгликоля (ПП) на протяжении 7, 15, 30 и 45 дней. Полученный материал изучали с помощью электронной и световой микроскопии. Определяли кле- точную плотность. На основании полученных результатов следует за- ключить, что ткань селезенки и тимуса чувствитель- на к воздействию ТЭППТ и ПП. Ультраструктурные изменения в органах иммунной системы характери- зуются маргинацией хроматина в ядрах, появлением выраженных инвагинаций кариолемы вплоть до фраг- ментации ядер; конденсацией цитоплазмы, дилатаци- ей митохондрий, вакуолизацией цитоплазмы. Такие изменения соответствуют развитию гидропической дистрофии и апоптоза, что приводит к снижению клеточной плотности спустя 45 дней, более выра- женному при воздействии ТЭППТ в дозе 1/10 LD50: в мантийной зоне фолликула селезенки - с 171,1±4,1 до 123,7±10,8 клеток/104мкм2, в маргинальной зоне фолликула селезенки - с 104,6±3,8 до 79,4±9,7, в кор- тикальной зоне тимуса - с 180,1±3,9 до 128,3±9,1, в мозговой зоне тимуса - с 137,4±3,7 до 98,6±8,3. reziume imunuri sistemis organoebis ultrastruq- turuli cvlilebebi qsenobiotikebis moq- medebis fonze o. avilova, d. Siiani, d. marakuSini, v. eroxina, v. gargini xarkovis erovnuli samedicino universite- ti, ukraina samuSaos mizans warmoadgenda elenTis da Timusis ultrastruqturuli cvlilebebis gamovlena polioqsipropilentriolis tri- gliceriduli eTeris (ppte) da polipropi- lenglikolis (pp) zmoqmedebis fonze. qvemwvave eqsperimentSi Seswavlilia zrda- sruli mamri virTagvebis elenTis da Ti- musis ultrastruqturuli cvlilebebi 1/10 LD50 da 1/100 LD50 ppte-s da pp-s Seyvanis Sem- deg 7, 15, 30 da 45 dRis ganmavlobaSi. miRebu- li masala Seiswavleboda eleqtronuli da sinaTlis mikroskopiiT. ganisazRvreboda ujreduli simWidrove. miRebuli Sedegebis safuZvelze dadge- nilia, rom elenTis da Timusis qsovili mgrZnobiarea ppte-is da pp-is moqmedebis mimarT. imunuri sistemis organoebSi ganvi- Tarebuli ultrastruqturuli cvlilebebi xasiaTdeba qromatinis marginaciiT birTveb- Si, kariolemis gamoxatuli invaginaciebis gaCeniT, birTvebis fragmentaciamdec ki, aseve, citoplazmis kondensaciiT, mitoqondriebis dilataciiT, citoplazmis vakuolizaciiT. aseTi cvlilebebi Seesabameba distrofiis da apoptozis ganviTarebas, rac ganapiro- bebs ujreduli simWidrovis Semcirebas 45 GEORGIAN MEDICAL NEWS No 6 (279) 2018 © GMN 137 dRis Semdeg, ufro gamoxatuls ppte-is ze- moqmedebis Semdeg doziT 1/10 LD50: elenTis folikulis mantiis zonaSi 171,1±4,1-dan 123,7±10,8 ujredamde/104mkm2, elenTis foli- kulis marginalur zonaSi - 104,6±3,8-dan 79,4±9,7-mde, Timusis kortikul zonaSi - 180,1±3,9-dan 128,3±9,1-mde, Timusis tvinovan zonaSi - 137,4±3,7-dan 98,6±8,3-mde. КОРРЕЛЯЦИЯ СТЕПЕНИ МЕХАНИЧЕСКОЙ БОЛЕВОЙ ЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТИ С КОНЦЕНТРАЦИЕЙ БЕЛКА µ-ОПИОИДНОГО РЕЦЕПТОРА В РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ФАЗАХ ОВАРИАЛЬНО-МЕНСТРУАЛЬНОГО ЦИКЛА Абхазава М.В., Квачадзе И.Д., Цагарели М.Г., Мжаванадзе Д.Ш., Чичинадзе Г.Н. Тбилисский государственный медицинский университет, департамент физиологии, Грузия На сегодняшний день установлено колебание сте- пени выраженности многих физических и психологи- ческих симптомов, в том числе головной боли, кровя- ного давления, вздутия живота, депрессии и тревоги, во время овариально-менструального цикла (ОМЦ) [34,36]. Результаты большого числа исследований, проведенных на животных, а также нескольких работ с участием женщин-добровольцев, показывают влия- ние половых гормонов на болевую чувствительность и реакцию на анальгетики [1,11,15,24,41]. Вследствие чего, изучение влияния ОМЦ на ноцицептивную ре- активность является актуальным для многих направ- лений клинических исследований, в том числе выяв- ления гормональных модуляторов боли,повышения качества диагностики, а также разработки новых под- ходов к лечению и профилактике острого и хрониче- ского болевого синдрома у женщин. На основании метаанализа исследований боли был сделан вывод, что в лютеиновой фазе ОМЦ в сравне- нии с фолликулярной отмечалось усиление болевой чувствительности, индуцированной термическими, ме- ханическими и электрическими стимулами [36].Одна- ко, в более поздних исследованиях получены противо- речащие друг другу результаты [7,37]. Противоречивые результаты выявлены также при изучении влияния не- которых отдельных половых гормонов на болевую чув- ствительность, в том числе при введении гормональных препаратов, в частности имеются данные о повышении механического болевого порога на фоне приема препа- рата искусственного прогестерона среди 188 здоровых добровольцев [28], аналогично у лабораторных крыс- самок после приема прогестерона отмечалась анальге- зия [19], в то же время, в другом исследовании, прове- денном на лабораторных мышах-самках, обнаружено развитие гипералгезии после подкожного введения про- гестерона [42]. Различные результаты получены так- же при изучении влияния пролактина на болевую чув- ствительность. В результате некоторых исследований [20,33] установлено, что данный гормон не оказывает какого-либо влияния на болевой порог, либо порог бо- левой чувствительности, в то же время имеются данные о роли пролактина как негативного модулятора болевой чувствительности [22]. Авторы нескольких работ ставят под сомнение воз- можность формулировки окончательных выводов на основании некоторых вышеупомянутых исследова- ний исходя из наличия нескольких методологических ограничений в примененных процедурах [7,17]. В не- скольких из вышеперечисленных исследований среди участниц не проводился сбор анамнестических дан- ных о регулярности ОМЦ. Во многих исследованиях отсутствовали данные об определении концентрации половых гормонов с целью уточнения фаз ОМЦ [17 18,39]. Кроме того, большинство исследований прове- дено на небольших группах объектов. Несмотря на то, что привлечение большого количества участниц в ис- следования ОМЦ сопряжено с определенными труд- ностями, исследования на небольших выборках не позволяет обобщить результаты, понижают их досто- верность, либо приводят к ложным результатам [7]. В формировании острого и хронического болевого синдрома, наряду с ноцицептивной системой, актив- но участвует эндогенная опиоидная система [43]. Сре- ди структур, принадлежащих к эндогенной опиоидной системе, ключевая роль принадлежит µ-опиоидному рецептору (МОР), активация которого происходит при взаимодействии с эндогенными, либо экзогенными опи- атами. В результате активации расположенных на пре- синаптических терминалях ноцицептивных нейронов МОР, посредством ингибирования потенциалзависимых кальциевых каналов, происходит уменьшение высво- бождения медиатора, что приводит к снижению прово- димости нервных импульсов от ноцицепторов в цен- тральную нервную систему. Локализованные также и на постсинаптической терминали МОР обеспечивают по- нижение возбудимости путем активации G-белок управ- ляемых К-каналов [38]. Результаты многочисленных исследований последних лет указывают на тканеспеци- фические модулирующие влияния эндогенных агентов, сопутствующих различным патологическим процессам, а также фармакологических веществ на экспрессию гена МОР, и соответственно на изменение концентра-