MINISTRY OF THE HEALTH OF UKRAINE
KHARKOV NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

HUMAN ANATOMY DEPARTMENT

Head of the department - prof. A. Tereshchenko

MATERIALS
OF HUMAN ANATOMY
for preparation MLE «Крок 1»
Stomatology

2012

Materials of human anatomy for preparation MLE «Крок 1»

Edited by prof. A. Tereshchenko – Kharkov: KNMU, 2012 – 27 p.

Compilers:       D. Sheyan
I.	 Ladnay
M. Lupyr
N. Zharova
A. Polyakova

© http://testcentr.org.ua

© Kharkov national medical university, 2012

KROK 1  STOMATOLOGY
2.0 HUMAN ANATOMY
«A» ANSWERS ARE RIGHT

	1
	After an operation a patient's sensitivity of front and lateral surface of neck has reduced. What 
	nerve is damaged?   
A	*N.transversus colli
B	N.auricularis magnus
C	Nn.supraclaviculares
D	N.occipitalis minos
E	N.phrenicus

 	2
	Inside a human cell the informational RNA containing both exons and introns was delivered to 
	the granular endoplasmic reticulum to the ribosomes. What process does NOT take place?
A	*Processing
B	Replication   
C	Transcription  
D	Translation  
E	Prolongation   

 	3
	A patient arrived to the oral surgery department with dislocation of temporomandibular joint and 
	injury of its main ligament. Name this ligament:   
A	*Lateral
B	Mandibular  
C	Styloid-mandibular  
D	Pterygoid-mandibular  
E	Medial  

 	4
	During the examination of patient's oral cavity a dentist noticed a slight overbite of mandibular teeth by maxillary incisors. What occlusion belongs such position of teeth to?   
A	*Orthognathic occlusion
B	Prognathism  
C	Biprognathic occlusion  
D	Orthogenic occlusion  
E	Closed occlusion  

 	5
	A patient complains of having urination disorder. He is diagnosed the hypertrophy of prostate 
	gland. What part of gland is damaged?   
A	*Median lobe
B	Left lobe   
C	Right lobe  
D	Base  
E	Apex  

 	6
	In order to make a functional complete denture the left superior canine of a patient should be 
	extracted. After the infraorbital anesthesia the patient got a rapidly growing hematoma in the 
	front part of face. It was found that the injured artery is a branch of:   
A	*А.maxillaris
B	А.alveolaris inferior
C	А.temporalis superficialis
D	А.ophthalmica
E	А.labialis superior

 	7
	A patient consulted dental surgeon about an injury of submandibular triangle. During the wound 
	cleansing the surgeon found that the artery leading to the soft palate is damaged. What artery is
	 damaged?   
A	*A.palatina ascendens
B	A.palatina descendens
C	A.sphenopalatina
D	A.pharingea ascendens
E	A.facialis

 	8
	A 28 year old man with cut wound of frontal skin was admitted to the hospital. A vessel that 
	supplies blood to the frontal part of head was ligated in order to stop bleeding. What vessel was 
	ligated?   
A	*A.supraorbitalis
B	A.infraorbitalis
C	A.angularis
D	A.dorsalis nasi
E	A.temporalis superficialis

 	9
	During ablation of the nose wing lypoma  a dentist injured a vessel, that caused a saphenous 
	hematoma. What vessel was damaged?   
A	*А.facialis
B	А.maxillaris
C	А.supraorbitalis
D	А.infraorbitalis
E	А.angularis

 	10
	The operative dentistry department admitted a newborn girl who choked during sucking. 
	Examination revealed cleft palate arising from non-union of the middle frontal process and 
	maxillary process of the I-st branchial arch. The cleft was located in the palate between:   
A	*Os incisivum et processus palatinus maxillae
B	Processus palatinus maxillae dextrae et sinistrae
C	Lamina horizontalis os palatinum dextrum et sinistrum
D	Processus palatinus maxillae et lamina horizontalis os palatinum
E	In the region of canalis incisivus

 	11
	A patient has an injury in right lateral area of belly. What part of large intestine is most likely 
	injured?   
A	*Ascending colon
B	Transverse colon  
C	Descending colon  
D	Sigmoid colon  
E	Rectum  

 	12
	A patient complains of headache, heavy breathing. X-ray examination confirmed the diagnosis - 
	frontitis. What nasal meatus may contain purulent discharge?  
A	*Middle
B	Superior  
C	Inferior  
D	Common  
E	Above the superior nasal concha  

 	13
	An eye trauma caused soft tissues infection of eye-socket. Through what anatomical formation 
	can the infection penetrate into the middle cranial fossa?   
A	*Through the superior orbital fissure
B	Through the anterior ethmoidal foramen  
C	Through the posterior ethmoidal foramen  
D	Through the inferior orbital fissure  
E	Through the zygomatic orbital foramen  

 	14
	A three year old child was admitted to the hospital with a foreign body in bronches. What 
	bronchus contains most likely a foreign body?   
A	*Right primary
B	Left primary  
C	Right segmental  
D	Left segmental  
E	Lobular  

 	15
	When a patient puts his tongue out the tip of it deflects to the left. Motor innervation of what 
	cranial nerve is disturbed in this case?   
A	*N.hypoglossus dexter
B	N.glossopharyngeus dexter
C	N.vagus dexter
D	N.trigeminus sinister
E	N.facialis sinister

 	16
	A mother consulted the doctor about her one year old child, who has got six teeth come out. 
	How many teeth should the child of such age have?   
A	*8
B	10  
C	7  
D	12  
E	6  

 	17
	A patient has air embolism as a result of a skin injury in the middle portion of the 
	sternocleidomastoid muscle. Which cervical vein was injured?    
A	*External jugular vein
B	Anterior jugular vein   
C	Internal jugular vein   
D	Posterior auricular vein   
E	Transverse cervical vein   

 	18
	Chronic rhinitis was complicated by inflammation of frontal sinus. What nasal meatus did the 
	infection get into this sinus through?   
A	*Median
B	Inferior  
C	Common  
D	Superior  
E	Nasopharyngeal   

 	19
	Trauma of occipital region of head resulted in crack fracture in the region of transverse sinus. 
	What part of occipital bone is damaged?  
A	*Squama
B	Left lateral  
C	Right lateral  
D	Proximal  
E	Condyle  

 	20
	A victim of a road accident has an abruption of a part of mandibular angle, displacement of 
	fragment backwards and upwards. What ligament is responsible for this displacement?   
A	*Styloid-mandibular
B	Intraarticular  
C	Lateral  
D	Sphenoid-mandibular  
E	Pterygoid-mandibular  

 	21
	A patient consulted a doctor about the inflammation of the ethmoid bone cells (ethmoiditis). 
	Examination revealed the disorder of blood supply to the bone. The ethmoidal cells are normally 
	supplied with blood by the branches of the following artery:   
A	*A. ophthalmica
B	A. infraorbitalis
C	A. facialis
D	A. cerebri anterior
E	A. transversa faciei

 	22
	A 69 year old patient has got an abscess of frontal lobe as a result of purulent infection in nasal 
	cavity. What anatomical formation did the infection penetrate through?   
A	*Foraminae cribrosae
B	Foramen ovale
C	Foramen ethmoidalae posterior
D	Foramen sphenopalatinum
E	Foramen rotundum

 	23
	A patient displays abnormal retrodeviation of his lower jaw as a result of trauma in the region of 
	mandibular coronal process. What muscle is most likely to be damaged?  
A	*M.temporalis
B	M.masseter
C	M.pterygoideus lateralis
D	M.pterygoideus medialis
E	M.levator anguli oris

 	24
	X-ray examination revealed an accumulation of suppuration in maxillary sinus. Into what nasal 
	meatus excretes the suppuration?   
A	*Median nasal
B	Nasopharyngeal   
C	Inferior nasal   
D	Superior nasal   
E	Common nasal   

 	25
	A patient has assymetric face, it is especially noticeable during active muscle contraction. What 
	nerve may be damaged?    
A	*Facial (motor unit)
B	Trigeminal, І branch  
C	TrigeminaІ, IІ branch  
D	Trigeminal, ІІІ branch  
E	Sublingual   

 	26
	A 5 year old child was admitted to the ENT-department with suppurative inflammation of middle 
	ear (tympanitis). It began with the inflammation of nasopharynx. What canal of temporal bone did
	 the infection get into tympanic cavity through?   
A	*Musculotubal canal
B	Small canal of chorda tympani   
C	Caroticotympanic foramina  
D	Small tympanic canal   
E	Carotid canal   

 	27
	A 58 year old woman had her uterus and all appendages completely removed. It resulted in 
	stoppage of urine excretion. Cystoscopy results: bladder doesn't contain any urine, urine 
	doesn't come also from ureteric orifices. What part of urinary excretion system was damaged 
	during the operation?   
A	*Ureter
B	Uretra
C	Vesica urinaria
D	Pelvis renalis
E	Ren

 	28
	Examination of a 32 year old patient revealed disproportional skeleton size, enlargement of 
	superciliary arches, nose, lips, tongue, jaw bones, feet. What gland's function was disturbed?   
A	*Hypophysis
B	Epiphysis  
C	Pancreas  
D	Thyroid  
E	Suprarenal  

 	29
	A patient has lost ability to recognize the objects by the typical for them sounds (clock, bell, 
	music). What part of brain is most likely damaged?   
A	*Lobus temporalis
B	Lobus occipitalis
C	Lobus frontalis
D	Lobus parietalis
E	Insula

 	30
	A patient suffers from middle ear inflammation (otitis). He complains also of disordered test 
	sensation in the anterior tongue part. What nerve is damaged?   
A	*N.facialis
B	N.trigeminus
C	N.vestibulo-cochlearis
D	N.vagus
E	N.glossopharyngeus

 	31
	A surgeon should reach the omental bursa to perform an operation on abdominal cavity. How 
	can he reach this part of peritoneal cavity without affecting the integrity of lesser omentum?   
A	*Through the epiploic foramen
B	Through the right paracolic sulcus  
C	Through the left paracolic sulcus  
D	Through the right mesenteric sinus  
E	Through the left mesenteric sinus  

 	32
	A patient complains of aching gums and maxillary teeth. What nerve is inflamed?   
A	*ІI branch of the V pair
B	III branch of the V pair  
C	I branch of the V pair  
D	Sublingual  
E	Accessory  

 	33
	A 5 year old child suffers from the neck deformity. Clinical examination revealed such 
	symptoms: apparent flexion of head to the left, his face is turned right, passive movements of 
	the head to the right are restricted. What muscle's development was disturbed in this case?   
A	*Sternocleidomastoid
B	Trapezius  
C	Splenius muscle of head  
D	Sternosublingual  
E	Long muscle of head  

 	34
	A patient has difficulties with jaw joining when he is chewing. There is partial atrophy of 
	masticatory muscles situated below the zygomatic arch. What nerve branches do these 
	muscles innervate?  
A	*N.mandibularis
B	N.maxillaris
C	N.alveolaris inferior
D	Nn.alveolares superiores
E	N.infraorbitalis

 	35
	A boxer who got a punch in the region of temporomandibular joint has a traumatic dislocation of 
	mandible. Displacement of what articular surfaces will overstep the limits of physiological norm?   
A	*Head of mandible and mandibular fossa
B	Coronoid process and pterygoid fossa  
C	Coronoid process and submandibular fossa  
D	Head of mandible and submandibular fossa  
E	Neck of mandible and submandibular fossa  

 	36
	A patient's middle ear inflammation was complicated by mastoiditis. There was a threat of 
	purulent thrombosis of the nearest venous sinus. What sinus was under the threat?   
A	*Sigmoid
B	Inferior petrosal  
C	Superior saggital  
D	Transverse  
E	Rectus  

 	37
	On examination of a road accident victim a doctor revealed left clavicle fracture and disturbed 
	blood circulation in an extremity (no pulsing of radial artery). What cause of blood circulation 
	disturbance is the most probable?   
A	*Compression of subclavian artery
B	Compression of axillary artery  
C	Compression of subclavian vein  
D	Compression of vertebral artery   
E	Compression of axillary vein  

 	38
	A 60 year old patient has problems with formation and moving of food mass, it disturbs eating 
	process. His tongue is stiff, speaking is impossible. What nerve is damaged?  
A	*XII
B	V  
C	IX  
D	XI  
E	VII  

 	39
	A patient has urolithiasis that was complicated by a renal calculus passage. At what level of 
	ureter is it most likely to stop?   
A	*Between abdominal and pelvic part
B	In pelvis  
C	In the middle abdominal part  
D	2 cm above flowing into urinary bladder  
E	5 cm above pelvic part  

 	40
	A woman consulted a doctor about swelling and tenderness of the lower extremity, swollen veins
	 and nodes on the medial surface of thigh. Which vein was affected?   
A	*Great saphenous
B	Small saphenous   
C	Femoral   
D	Popliteal   
E	Tibial   

 	41
	During the examination of patient's oral cavity a dentist found a carious cavity on the crown 
	surface of the second premolar tooth that was turned to the first molar tooth. Name the 
	damaged crown surface:  
A	*Facies mesialis
B	Facies vestibularis
C	Facies lingualis
D	Facies distalis
E	Facies occlusalis

 	42
	A woman in grave condition was admitted to a hospital with the  diagnosis of the hemorrhagic 
	stroke in the region of frontal part of the right cerebral hemisphere. The damage of what artery 
	most likely caused  this condition?   
A	*A.сerebri anterior
B	A.cerebri posterior
C	A.communicans anterior
D	A.cerebri media
E	A.communicans posterior

 	43
	A patient with cancer of the back of tongue had an intensive bleeding as a result of tumor 
	spread to the dorsal artery of tongue. What vessel should be ligated in order to stop bleeding?   
A	*Lingual artery
B	Dorsal artery of tongue  
C	Deep artery of tongue   
D	Facial artery   
E	Ascending pharyngal artery   

 	44
	A patient has an exudative pleurisy. At what level should the pleural puncture along the posterior 
	axillary line be taken?   
A	*ІХ intercostal space
B	VІІІ intercostal space  
C	VІІ intercostal space  
D	ХІ intercostal space  
E	VІ intercostal space  

 	45
	At the recruiting office US examination of a 19-year-old man revealed nephroptosis. Normally 
	the kidneys should be located at the following vertebral level:   
A	*XI thoracic and III lumbar
B	IX-X thoracic   
C	IV-V lumbar   
D	XII thoracic and I lumbar   
E	IX-XII thoracic   

 	46
	A 17 year old student pressed out a pustule in the medial angle of eye. In 2 days she was taken 
	to the institute of neurosurgery with thrombosis of cavernous sinus. Through what vein did the 
	infection get into this sinus?   
A	*V.angularis
B	V.maxillarіs
C	V.profunda faciei
D	V.transversa faciei
E	V.diploicae frontalis

 	47
	A 35 year old patient came to the admission department with complaints of pain and edema in 
	the region of floor of oral cavity. After examination he was diagnosed with inflammation in the 
	region of excretory duct of submandibular gland. Where does this duct open into?  
A	*Caruncula sublingualis
B	Vestibulum oris
C	Foramen caecum linguae
D	Plica fimbriata
E	Recesus gingivalis

 	48
	Histological examination in the area of cervix of a fundic gland reveals small cells that have high 
	nuclear-cytoplasmatic ratio and basophilic cytoplasm. What is the function of these cells?   
A	*Regeneration of glandular epithelium
B	Protective  
C	Endocrinal  
D	Secretion of chlorine ions  
E	Pepsinogen secretion  

 	49
	Examination of a 2-year-old child revealed physical developmental lag, the child often has 
	pneumonias. The child was diagnosed with nonclosure of ductus arteriosus. Haemodynamics 
	disorder was caused by the intercommunication of the following vessels:   
A	*Aorta and pulmonary trunk
B	Pulmonary trunk and pulmonary veins  
C	Superior cava and aorta  
D	Superior cava and pulmonary trunk  
E	Aorta and pulmonary veins  

 	50
	Underdevelopment of which parts of facial skeleton in the embryonal period is the reason for 
	such a malformation as cleft palate?   
A	*Palatine processes
B	Frontal processes   
C	Frontal and maxillary processes   
D	Mandibular processes  
E	Mandibular and palatine processes  

 	51
	Influence of unfavourable factors upon the organism causes change of thymus accompanied by
	 mass loss of thymocytes, their displacement to the peripheral organs, proliferation of 
	epithelioreticulocytes. What phenomenon is it?   
A	*Accidental thymus involution
B	Age thymus involution  
C	Thymus hypotrophy  
D	Thymus dystrophy  
E	Thymus atrophy  

 	52
	Examination of a patient revealed abnormal development of enamel. This is caused by damage 
	of the following structural elements of dental germ:  
A	*Internal enamel epithelium of enamel organ
B	External enamel epithelium of enamel organ  
C	Intermediate layer of enamel organ  
D	Pulp of enamel organ  
E	Cervix of enamel organ  

 	53
	Recovery of an organism from an infectious disease is accompanied by neutralization of 
	antigens by specific antibodies. What cells produce them?   
A	*Plasmocytes
B	Fibroblasts  
C	Tissue basophils  
D	Eosinophils  
E	T-lymphocytes  

 	54
	A 70-year-old patient is diagnosed with brainstem haemorrhage. Examination revealed 
	increased tonus of flexor muscles accompanied by decreased tonus of extensor muscles. Such
	 changes in muscle tonus can be explained by the irritation of the following brain structures:    
A	*Red nuclei
B	Vestibular nuclei   
C	Quadrigeminal plate   
D	Black substance  
E	Reticular formation   

 	55
	It is necessary to take the cerebrospinal fluid from a patient with suspected inflammation of 
	brain tunics. Diagnostic puncture was performed between the arches of the lumbar vertebras. 
	During the puncture the needle went through the following ligament:   
A	*Yellow (flaval)
B	Iliolumbar  
C	Anterior longitudinal  
D	Posterior longitudinal  
E	Intertransverse  

 	56
	Examination of a patient revealed that he had a strong, balanced, inert type of higher nervous 
	activity according to Pavlov's classification. What temperament has this patient according to 
	Hippocrate?    
A	*Phlegmatic
B	Sanguine   
C	Choleric   
D	Melancholic   
E	-  

 	57
	It was determined that basal metabolic rate of a patient under study increased due value by 8%.
	 This means that the intensity of energetic metabolism processes in this patient is:   
A	*Normal
B	Moderately increased  
C	Moderately inhibited  
D	Essentially inhibited  
E	Essentially increased  

 	58
	Estimation of heat expenditures of a man's organism by means of inderect calomitery had the 
	following results: the organism consumed 1000 ml of oxygen and emitted 800 ml of carbonic 
	acid per minute. What is the respiratory quotient of a man under examination?   
A	*0,8
B	1,25
C	0,9
D	0,84
E	1,0

 	59
	A patient diagnosed with malignant carcinoid has extremely high concentration of serotonin in 
	blood. This biogenic amine can be formed from the following amino acid:   
A	*Tryptophan
B	Alanine  
C	Leucine  
D	Threonine  
E	Methionine  

 	60
	Parodontosis is treated by means of antioxidants. Which of the following natural compounds is 
	used as an antioxidant:   
A	*Tocopherol
B	Thiamine  
C	Gluconate  
D	Pyridoxine  
E	Choline  

 	61
	Examination of a patient 24 hours after appendectomy revealed neutrophilic leukocytosis with 
	regenerative shift. What is the most probable mechanism of development of absolute 
	leukocytosis in peripheral blood?   
A	*Intensification of leukopoiesis
B	Redistribution ofleukocytes in the organism  
C	Reduction of leukolysis  
D	Slower emigration of leukocytes to the tissues  
E	Immunity activation  

 	62
	A patient suffering from chronic myeloleukemia has got the following symptoms of anemia: 
	decreased number of erythrocytes and low haemoglobin concentration, oxyphilic and 
	polychromatophilic normocytes, microcytes. What is the leading pathogenetic mechanism of 
	anemia development?  
A	*Substitution of haemoblast
B	Intravascular hemolysis of erythrocytes  
C	Deficiency of vitamin B12
D	Reduced synthesis of erythropoietin  
E	Chronic haemorrhage  

 	63
	Autopsy of a dead patient revealed that pia mater was dull, there were greenish-yellow overlays 
	covering almost all convexital surface of cerebral hemispheres. Histological examination 
	revealed extreme hyperemia of maters along with diffuse leukocytic infiltration. What is the most
	 probable diagnosis?   
A	*Meningococcal infection
B	Measles  
C	Anthrax  
D	Tuberculosis  
E	Influenza  

 	64
	Autopsy of a 34 y.o. man who died from rheumatism revealed that epicardium surface was 
	villous and covered with grey films that can be easily removed. After their removal the surface is
	 edematic and plethoric. What is the most probable diagnosis?   
A	*Fibrinous pericarditis
B	Purulent pericarditis  
C	Hemorrhagic pericarditis  
D	Proliferative pericarditis  
E	Catarrhal pericarditis  

 	65
	A 14-year-old patient was diagnosed with Hutchinson's triad: barrel-shaped incisors, 
	parenchymatous keratitis and deafness. The revealed presentations are consistent with the 
	following disease:   
A	*Syphilis
B	Toxoplasmosis  
C	Lepra  
D	Tuberculosis  
E	Opisthorchiasis  

 	66
	A 5 y.o. girl has high temperature and sore throat. Objectively: soft palate edema, tonsills are 
	covered with grey films that can be hardly removed and leave deep bleeding tissue injuries. 
	What disease is the most probable?   
A	*Pharyngeal diphtheria
B	Vincent's angina  
C	Lacunar angina  
D	Infectious mononucleosis  
E	Necrotic angina  

 	67
	Soft palate arches were taken for bioptic examination because of suspected tumour 
	(macroscopical examination revealed an ulcer with dense floor). Biopsy revealed necrosis of 
	mucous membrane along with infiltration of submucous layer by lymphocytes, epithelioid cells, 
	plasmatic cells, single neutrophils. There is also evident endo- and perivasculitis. What disease 
	are the described changes typical for?   
A	*Primary syphilis
B	Aphthous stomatitis  
C	Ulcerative stomatitis  
D	Ulcerative necrotic stomatitis (Vincent's stomatitis)  
E	Pharyngeal diphtheria  

 	68
	Macroscopic examination of lung tissue revealed areas of high airiness with small bubbles. 
	histological examination revealed thinning and rupture of alveolar septa accompanied by 
	formation of large diversiform cavities. What disease was revealed in a lung?   
A	*Pulmonary emphysema
B	Multiple bronchiectasis  
C	Cavernous tuberculosis  
D	Chronic bronchitis  
E	Fibrosing alveolitis  

 	69
	Autopsy of a man, who died from typhoid fever on the 5th day of disease, revealed the following 
	changes: aggregated follicles of ileum were enlarged and plethoric; they protruded over the 
	mucous membrane, and multiple sulci and convolutions could be seen on their surface. 
	Histological examinatio revealed plethority and edema of tissues, presense of granulomas 
	composed of big cells with light cytoplasm and containing typhoid bacilli. These local changes 
	are compliant with the following period of typhoid fever:   
A	*Stage of medullary swelling
B	Stage of necrosis   
C	Stage of ulcer healing  
D	Stage of clean ulcers  
E	Stage of ulceration  

 	70
	Autopsy of a 68 year old man who died from chronic cardiac insufficiency revealed deformed, 
	thickened, conjoined cusps of mitral valve. Along the edge of joining there were small (1-2 mm) 
	thrombs. What form of endocarditis caused development of chronic cardiac insufficiency?   
A	*Recurrent verrucous
B	Diffuse  
C	Acute verrucous  
D	Fibroplastic  
E	Polypoulcerous  

 	71
	A 42 year old patient who had been suffering from chronic granulomatous periodontitis and 
	chronic purulent osteomyelitis of his lower jaw for 8 years died from chronic renal insufficiency. 
	What complication of purulent osteomyelitis has developed in kidneys?   
A	*Amyloidosis
B	Hyalinosis  
C	Adipose degeneration  
D	Atrophy  
E	Necrosis of epithelium of convoluted tubules  

 	72
	A 5 y.o. child had a temperature rise up to 40oC, acute headache, vomiting, anxiety, chill. 4 
	days later there appeared hemorrhagic skin eruption, oliguria and adrenal insufficiency that 
	caused death. Bacteriological examination of smears from the child's pharynx revealed 
	meningococcus. What disease form was revealed?
A	*Meningococcemia
B	Meningococcal meningitis  
C	Meningoencephalitis  
D	Meningicoccal nasopharyngitis  
E	-   

 	73
	Autopsy of a man, who died from acute posthaemorrhagic anaemia resulting from pulmonary 
	haemorrhage, revealed the following: macroscopically - lung apexes were deformed, their 
	section showed multiple whitish-grey foci 10-15 mm in diameter and multiple pathological 
	cavities up to 15 mm in diameter with dense walls. Microscopically: the cavity walls presented 
	proliferation of the connective tissue infiltrated by epithelioid cells, multicellular giant cells and 
	lymphocytes. What is the most likely diagnosis?     
A	*Secondary fibrocavernous tuberculosis
B	Primary tuberculosis without signs of progress   
C	Progressing tuberculosis complex   
D	Hematogenic disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis   
E	Hematogenic miliary pulmonary tuberculosis   

 	74
	Autopsy of a man who had been suffering from hypertension revealed in his brain a cavity with 
	rubiginous walls. What event preceded development of these changes?   
A	*Haematoma
B	Diapedetic haemorrhages  
C	Ischemic infarction  
D	Plasmorrhagias  
E	Abscess  

 	75
	A 7 y.o. girl was admitted to the infectious diseases hospital with fever, sore throat, common 
	weakness. A doctor suspected diphtheria. What would be crucial for diagnosis confirmation 
	after pure culture of causative agent had been singled out?   
A	*Toxigenity test
B	Detection of volutine granules  
C	Cystinase test  
D	Hemolytic ability of a causative agent  
E	Phagolysability  

 	76
	Immune-enzyme assay of blood serum revealed presence of HBs-antigen. What disease is 
	signalized by this antigen?   
A	*Viral hepatitis B
B	Viral hepatitis A  
C	AIDS  
D	Tuberculosis  
E	Syphilis  

 	77
	On a certain territory mass death of rodents was registered. It was suspected that their death 
	might have been caused by plague. What serological reaction should be applied for quick 
	identification of antigen of the causative agent of this epizooty?   
A	*Precipitation
B	Agglutination  
C	Passive hemagglutination  
D	Complement binding  
E	Neutralization  

 	78
	A 30 y.o. patient who was diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis has proteinuria. What 
	disturbance is the cause of this phenomenon?   
A	*Increased permeability of renal filter
B	Delayed excretion of products of nitrogen metabolism  
C	Low oncotic pressure of blood plasma  
D	High hydrostatic pressure of blood in capillaries  
E	Decreased quantity of functioning nephrons  

 	79
	While of oral cavity examination the dentist revealed the formation of the first big cheekteeth on 
	the lower jaw of a child. How old is this child?   
A	*6-7 years old
B	4-5 years old  
C	8-9 years old  
D	10-11 years old  
E	12-13 years old  

 	80
	A patient has an acute painfullness of face skin. What nerve is damaged?   
A	*Trifacial
B	Facial  
C	Oculomotor  
D	Vagus  
E	Glossopharyngeal   

 	81
	A 3 year old child was admitted to the hospital with otitis. Pus is probable to spread from the 
	tympanic cavity. Where can the pus get into?   
A	*Into mastoid antrum
B	Into internal ear  
C	Into auditory tube  
D	Into external acoustic duct  
E	Into posterior cranial fossa  

 	82
	A patient had his tooth extracted. The lingual surface of this tooth was smaller than the buccal 
	one. Masticatoty surface has oval form. Deep transverse sulcus separates buccal and lingual 
	tubercles. The root is strongly compressed in mesio-distal direction and has longitudinal sulci on
	 its aproximal surfaces, it is bifurcated. What tooth was extracted?   
A	*First upper premolar
B	Upper canine  
C	Lower canine  
D	First lower premolar  
E	Second upper premolar  

 	83
	A newborn didn't take his first breath. Autopsy revealed that in spite of unobstructed respiratory 
	tracts the baby's lungs didn't expand. What might be the cause of it?   
A	*Surfactant absence
B	Bronchostenosis  
C	Bronchi rupture   
D	Apical cap of lung   
E	Alveole enlargement   

 	84
	A patient is found to have increased permeability of blood vessel walls accompanied by 
	increased gingival haemorrhage, petechial skin haemorrhages, dedentition. What pathology is 
	observed in this patient?   
A	*Hypovitaminosis C
B	Hypervitaminosis D   
C	Hypervitaminosis C   
D	Hypovitaminosis D   
E	Hypovitaminosis A   

 	85
	Examination of a 40 y.o. man ill with stenosing (without metastases) esophageal carcinoma 
	revealed the folowing changes: atrophy of skeletal muscles and fatty tissue. His skin is sallow, 
	epidermis is attenuated, heart has grown smaller. Myocardium and liver are brown. What is the 
	most probable diagnosis?    
A	*Alimentary cachexia
B	Myasthenia  
C	Cancerous cachexia  
D	Brown atrophy  
E	Addison's disease  

 	86
	A 38-year-old patient came to a traumatology centre and complained about an injury of his right 
	hand. Objectively: the patient has a cut wound in the region of the thenar eminence on the right 
	hand; distal phalanx of the I finger cannot be flexed. What muscle was injured?   
A	*Long flexor muscle of thumb
B	Short flexor muscle of thumb  
C	Short abductor muscle of thumb   
D	Opposer muscle of thumb   
E	Abductor muscle of thumb  

 	87
	A 2 y.o. child has catarrhal effects and skin eruption. A doctor suspected scarlet fever. The child
	 was injected intracutaneously with some serum to the erythrogenic streptococcus toxin, on the 
	spot of injection the eruption disappeared. What do the reaction results mean?   
A	*They confirm the clinical diagnosis
B	The child has hypersensitivity to the erythrogenic toxin  
C	The disease was caused by nonhemolytic streptococcus  
D	The complete dose of serum could be introduced intravenously   
E	The child's immune system is very weakened  

 	88
	Children often have laboured nasal breathing which is caused by overdevelopment of lymphoid 
	tissue of the pharyngeal mucous membrane. This phenomenon may cause enlargement of the 
	following tonsils:   
A	*Tonsilla pharyngea
B	Tonsilla palatina
C	Tonsilla lingualis
D	Tonsilla tubaria
E	All above-mentioned

 	89
	A 26-year-old patient was found to have a big furuncle of soft tissues of face by the root of nose
	 and inferior eyelid. This disease can be seriously complicated by the infection spreading along 
	veins of this region to the sinuses of dura brain mater. What sinus is most likely to be affected? 	  
A	*Cavernous
B	Superior sagittal   
C	Occipital   
D	Sigmoid   
E	Petrosal      

 	90
	A child is presumably ill with diphtheria. A specimen of affected mucous membrane of his 
	pharynx was taken for analysis. The smear was stained and microscopical examination 
	revealed yellow rods with dark blue thickenings on their ends. What structural element of a germ 
	cell was revealed in the detected microorganisms?   
A	*Volutin granules
B	Plasmids  
C	Capsule  
D	Spores  
E	Flagella  

 	91
	Bacteriological analysis of purulent discharges from urethra revealed presence of 
	gram-negative bacteria resembling of coffee beans, which were able to decompose glucose 
	and maltose into acid. They were found in the leukocytes. These bacteria are causative agents 
	of the following disease:    
A	*Gonorrhoea
B	Syphilis   
C	Venereal lymphogranulomatosis   
D	Ulcul molle  
E	Melioidosis   

 	92
	A 34 year old male patient cosulted a doctor about face carbuncle. Objectively: a loose, painless
	 edema of hypodermic tissue; black crust in the centre of carbuncle, vesicular rash around it. 
	Microbiological examination revealed static streptobacilli capable of capsule building. What 
	microorganisms are the causative agents of this disease?   
A	*Bacillus antracis
B	Staptylococcus aureus
C	Bacillus anthracoides
D	Bacillus subtilis
E	Bacillus megaterium

 	93
	It was reported an outbreak of food poisoning connected with consumption of pastry that had 
	been stored at a room temperature and had duck eggs as one of the ingredients. What 
	microorganisms might have caused this disease?   
A	*Salmonella
B	Colon bacilli  
C	Staphylococci  
D	Legionella  
E	Comma bacilli  

 	94
	A patient underwent lobectomy of the right middle lobe of a lung. What segments of the lung 
	were affected?    
A	*Lateral and medial
B	Apical, anterior   
C	Basal medial and anterior   
D	Basal posterior and lateral   
E	Apical posterior and anterior   

 	95
	A patient with convulsive contractions of facial muscles was admitted to the infectious disease 
	ward. From a scratch on his lower right extremity analysts isolated bacteria with terminal 
	endospores that gave them drumstick appearance. What bacteria are compliant with given 
	description?    
A	*Clostridium tetani
B	Clostridium botulinum   
C	Clostridium perfringens  
D	Bacillus anthracis   
E	Bacillus cereus   

 	96
	A patient complained about a carbuncle on his face. Examination results: neither dense nor 
	painful edema of subcutaneous cellular tissue, there is black crust in the middle of the carbuncle
	 and peripheral vesicular rash around it. Bacteriological examination revealed presence of 
	immobile streptobacilli able of capsulation. What microorganisms are causative agents of this 
	disease?   
A	*Bacillus antracis
B	Staptylococcus aureus
C	Bacillus anthracoides
D	Bacillus megaterium
E	Bacillus subtilis

 	97
	A patient complained about ear noise and pain sensations. Objectively: the patient has acute 
	respiratory disease, rhinitis. The infection penetrated into the tympanic cavity through the 
	following opening of the pharynx:    
A	*Pharyngeal opening of auditory tube
B	Tympanic opening of auditory tube  
C	Choanae  
D	Fauces  
E	Aperture of larynx  

 	98
	A 3 month old infant has got a white deposition on the mucous membrane of his mouth, tongue 
	and lips. The doctor suspected candidosis. What nutrient medium should be used for inoculation
	 of the material under examination in order to confirm this diagnosis?   
A	*Sabouraud
B	Endo  
C	Loewenstein-Jensen  
D	Roux  
E	Clauberg  

 	99
	During tooth development periodontium preserves remains of embryonal coleorhiza (Hertwig's 
	epithelial root sheath) that are called Malassez's epithelial rests. They can be sourse of cyst or 
	tumour development in the area of tooth radix. What cells form Hertwig's epithelial root sheath?  
A	*Cells of enamel organ
B	Mesenchymal cells  
C	Pulpocytes  
D	Odontoblasts  
E	Cementoblasts  

 	100
	Antigens of Sonne shigella placed on the objects of outdoor environment and foodstuffs can be 
	revealed by means of a certain test with application of a diagnostic test system that includes a 
	polystyrene tray with adsorbed specific antibodies. What reaction is it?   
A	*Immune-enzyme assay
B	Immunofluorescence test  
C	Passive inverse hemagglutination test  
D	Direct hemagglutination test  
E	Immunoelectrophoresis test  

 	101
	Isonitol triphosphates are produced in the organism tissues as a result of phosphatidyl inositol 
	diphosphate hydrolysis. In the mechanism of hormone activity they perform the function of 
	secondary mediators (messengers). What is their activity in the cell aimed at?   
A	*Release of calcium ions from the cell depots
B	Activation of adenylate cyclase  
C	Activation of protein kinase A  
D	Inhibition of phosphodiesterase  
E	Inhibition of protein kinase C  

 	102
	After restoration of blood circulation in damaged tissue accumulation of lactate comes to a stop 
	and speed of glucose consumption slows down. These metabolic changes are caused by 
	activation of the following process:   
A	*Aerobic glycolysis
B	Anaerobic glycolysis  
C	Lipolysis  
D	Gluconeogenesis  
E	Glycogen biosynthesis  

 	103
	A patient has an allergic reaction accompanied by itching, edemata and reddening of skin. What
	 biogenic amine has an increased concentration in the tissues?   
A	*Histamine
B	Serotonin  
C	Tryptamine  
D	Dopamine  
E	Gamma-aminobutyric acid  

 	104
	In hemotransfusions it is recommended to transfuse only phenotype-matched blood. According 
	to the AB0 system, blood group is determined by:   
A	*Carbohydrate determinants of erythrocyte membranes
B	Proteins of blood serum   
C	Protein determinants of erythrocyte membranes   
D	Protein-polysaccharide components of leukocytes   
E	Carbohydrate determinants of leukocyte membranes   

 	105
	A patient being treated in the burns department has suppurative complication. The pus is of 
	bluish-green colour that is indicative of infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. What 
	factor is typical for this causative agent?
A	*Gram-negative stain
B	Presense of spores  
C	Coccal form  
D	Cell pairing  
E	Mycelium formation  

 	106
	Specimen of a patient's sputum was stained with the following dyes and reagents: Ziehl's 
	solution, methylene blue solution, 5% solutoin of sulfuric acid. What staining method was applied?   
A	*Ziehl-Neelsen
B	Burri's   
C	Gram's   
D	Peshkov's  
E	Neisser's  

 	107
	Preventive examination of a patient revealed an enlarged lymph node of metastatic origin on the
	 medial wall of the left axillary crease. Specify the most likely localization of the primary tumour:  
A	*Mammary gland
B	Submandibular salivary gland  
C	Lung  
D	Stomach  
E	Thyroid gland  

 	108
	A man suffering from osteochondrosis got acute pain in the abdominal muscles (lateral and 
	anterior). During objective examination a physician diagnosticated increased pain sensitivity of 
	skin in the hypogastric region. This pain might be caused by affection of the following nerve:   
A	*Iliohypogastric
B	Sciatic  
C	Obturator  
D	Femoral  
E	Genitofemoral  

 	109
	A patient has recently had staphylococcal infection that led to anasarca; laboratory urine 
	analysis revealed massive proteinuria. Results of blood analysis: hypoproteinemia, 
	hyperlipemia. What pathology can be suspected?   
A	*Nephrotic syndrome
B	Glomerulonephritis  
C	Pyelonephritis  
D	Urolithiasis  
E	Chronic renal insufficiency  

 	110
	A new-born child has hyperemia, edema of the oral mucous membrane, small erosions with 
	viscous mucopus. Smears from the mucopus contain a lot of leukocytes with Gram-negative 
	diplococci. The same microorganisms can be found also beyond the leukocytes. What is the 
	most probable diagnosis?   
A	*Gonococcal stomatitis
B	Toxoplasmosis  
C	Congenital syphilis  
D	Staphylococcal stomatitis  
E	Blennorrhea  

 	111
	Microscopical study of discharges from urethra of a patient suffering from acute urethritis 
	revealed bean-shaped microorganisms up to 1 micrometer in diameter arranged in pairs and 
	placed inside the leukocytes. What microorganisms are these?   
A	*Gonococci
B	Meningococci  
C	Tetracocci  
D	Streptococci  
E	Staphylococci  

 	112
	During manipulations aimed at treatment of mandible dislocation a physician should pay 
	particular attention to a muscle that pulls a capsule and interarticular disc of temporomandibular 
	articulation exteriorly. What muscle is it?   
A	*M. pterygoideus lateralis
B	M. masseter
C	M. pterygoideus medialis
D	M. temporalis
E	M. mylohyoideus

 	113
	In order to prevent gum inflammation and to improve regeneration of epithelial periodontium cells
	 manufacturers add to the tooth pastes one of the following vitamins:   
A	*Retinol
B	Calciferol  
C	Thiamine  
D	Biotin  
E	Phyloquinone  

 	114
	After anlage of primary teeth at the beginning of the fifth month of embryogenesis some factors 
	disturbed growth ability of dental plate behind the mentioned anlages. What serious 
	consequence is possible?   
A	*Permanent teeth won't be anlaged
B	Formation of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath will be disturbed  
C	Cervix of enamel organ won't disintegrate  
D	Formation of mouth vestibule will be disturbed  
E	Dentin of primary teeth won't be formed  

 	115
	In the surgical department of a dental clinic cases of hospital-acquired staphylococcal infection 
	were registered which was caused by strains with multiple drug resistance. Such feature can be 
	identified by presence of:   
A	*R-plasmids
B	F-plasmids  
C	Temperate bacteriophages  
D	Exotoxins  
E	Virulent bacteriophages  

 	116
	Histological examination of periapical tissue taken from a patient who has been suffering from 
	chronic periodontitis for a long time revealed a granulation tissue interlaced by taeniae of squamous cell epithelium and encircled within a fibrous capsule. What is the most probable diagnosis?  
A	*Composite granuloma
B	Abscessing periodontitis  
C	Granulating periodontitis  
D	Simple granuloma  
E	Cystic granuloma  

 	117
	What method should be applied for sterilization of heatproof and moistureproof stomatological 
	instruments in order to ensure total destruction of viruses, vegetative and spore forms of 
	microorganisms?   
A	*Autoclaving
B	Boiling  
C	Pasteurization  
D	Tyndallization  
E	Burning in the flame of gas burner  

 	118
	Examination of a bronchial tissue sample revealed atrophy of mucous membrane, cystic 
	degeneration of glands, focal metaplastic changes of lining prismatic epithelial cells into 
	multilayer squamous cells; increase in goblet cell number; in some parts of bronchial wall and 
	especially in the mucous membrane there was marked cellular inflammatory infiltration and 
	growth of granulation tissue bulging into the bronchial lumen in form of a polyp. What is the most 
	likely diagnosis?   
A	*Chronic bronchitis
B	Lobar pneumonia   
C	Acute bronchitis   
D	Bronchopneumonia   
E	Interstitial pneumonia  

 	119
	A 10 month old child has high excitability, sleep disturbance, amyotonia, retarded dentition, teeth
	 erupt with inadequate enamel calcification. These changes are caused by deficiency of the 
	following vitamin:   
A	*Cholecalciferol
B	Riboflavin  
C	Thiamine  
D	Retinol  
E	Nicotinamide  

 	120
	In the process of tooth tissue histogenesis dentin wasn't formed in time for some reasons. What
	 process of further histogenesis will be delayed or will not take place at all?    
A	*Enamel formation
B	Pulp formation   
C	Predentinal space formation   
D	Cellular cement formation  
E	Acellular cement formation  

 	121
	A 70-year-old man has developed prosphetic stomatitis. Apart of this he was found to have an 
	evident lesion of mouth corners. Microscopical examination revealed large ovoid gram-positive 
	cells. What microorganisms are most likely to be the leading etiological agent of such a lesion?    
A	*Candida fungi
B	Streptococci   
C	Staphylococci  
D	Neisseria  
E	Corynebacteria   

 	122
	Enamel is characterized by high resistance to the influence of various mechanical and chemical 
	factors. What component's synthesis provideds such resistance?   
A	*Phtorapatite
B	Hydroxyapatite  
C	Chlorapatite   
D	Collagen  
E	Carbonate apatite  

 	123
	Examination of a kidney tissue sampling revealed leukocyte infiltration of interstitial tissue; 
	miliary abscesses; dystrophic tubules filled with desquamated epithelium and leukocytes. What 
	is the most likely diagnosis?    
A	*Pyelonephritis
B	Glomerulonephritis   
C	Pyelitis   
D	Necrotic nephrosis   
E	Nephrolithiasis   

 	124
	A 23 year old man got perforation of hard palate. There was also a solid well-defined formation. 
	Post-operative microscopical examination of this formation revealed a large focus of caseous 
	necrosis surrounded by granulation tissue with endovasculitis and cellular infiltrate consisting 
	mainly of plasmocytes but also of lymphocytes and epithelioid cells. What is the most probable 
	diagnosis?   
A	*Syphilis
B	Tuberculosis  
C	Scleroma  
D	Sarcoma  
E	Lepra  

 	125
	A 7 year old child has angina. A smear from the tonsil surface was inoculated on blood agar. 24 
	hours later there had grown colonies of streptococci. Nutrient medium turned transparent 
	around them. This study revealed presence of the following pathogenous factor:   
A	*Hemolysin
B	Endotoxin  
C	Neuraminidase  
D	Beta-lactamase  
E	Leukocidin   

 	126
	Autopsy revealed that the upper lobe of the right lung was enlarged, grey, airless; surface of 
	incision was dripping with turbid liquid; pleura had a lot of fibrinous plicae. Microscopical 
	examination of alveoles revealed exudate containing neutrophils, desquamated alveolocytes 
	and fibrin fibres. Bronchus wall was intact. What is the most probable diagnosis?    
A	*Croupous pneumonia
B	Interstitial pneumonia  
C	Pulmonary abscess  
D	Focal pneumonia  
E	Influenzal pneumonia  

 	127
	After a trauma a patient lost ability of elbow extension. This might have been caused by 
	dysfunction of the following main muscle:   
A	*m. triceps brachii
B	m. subscapularis
C	m. teres major
D	m. infraspinatus
E	m. levator scapulae

 	128
	A 25-year-old patient with clinical presentations of nephrotic syndrome underwent puncture 
	biopsy of a kidney. Microscopical examination revealed expansion of the epithelium cells of 
	proximal nephron tubules, vacuoles containing transparent liquid in the cytoplasm, peripheral 
	deviation of the nucleus. What degeneration was revealed in the tubule epithelium?   
A	*Hydropic
B	Granular   
C	Adipose  
D	Keratinization  
E	Hyaline drop  

 	129
	A 60 year old patient complains of tongue burning, excessive salivation and glossalgia effects 
	that came 5 days after he started using a metal dental bridge. Objectively: mucous membrane of
	 oral cavity is edematic and hyperemic. What form of stomatitis is it?   
A	*Catarrhal
B	Purulent  
C	Ulcerous  
D	Gangrenous  
E	Fibrinous  

 	130
	A patient has secretory dysfunction of the submandibular salivary galnd. Which nerve is 
	responsible for its vegetative innervation?    
A	*Chorda tympani
B	N.auriculotemporalis
C	N.mandibularis
D	N.petrosus major
E	N.petrosus minor

 	131
	Pathological material taken from a patient suffering from pulpitis was inoculated onto Kitt-Tarozzi
	 cultural medium. It is planned to find the following microorganisms:   
A	*Anaerobic
B	Acid-resistant  
C	Acidophilic  
D	Haemolytic  
E	Aerobic  

 	132
	Histological examination of myocardium of a 47-year-old patient with rheumatic heart disease 
	(section material) revealed some big visually empty vacuoles within the cardiomyocytes. They 
	turn black when stained with osmic acid, and yellow-red when stained with sudan III. What 
	pathological process is it?   
A	*Adipose degeneration
B	Hyaline drop degeneration   
C	Hydropic degeneration   
D	Carbohydrate degeneration   
E	Dysproteinosis   

 	133
	In spring a patient experiences petechial haemorrhages, loosening of teeth, high liability to 
	colds. A doctor supposes hypobitaminosis C. In this respect loosening of teeth can be explained by:   
A	*Structural failure of collagen in the periodontal ligaments
B	Structural change of glycosaminoglycan   
C	Increased permeability of periodont membranes   
D	Mechanical damage of teeth   
E	Disturbed oxidation-reduction process in the periodont   

 	134
	Examination of a patient revealed that dental hypoplasia was caused by hypovitaminosis of 
	vitamins A and D. These vitamins were administered perorally but they didn't have any medicinal
	 effect. What is the probable cause of disturbed vitamin assimilation?
A	*Bile acid deficiency
B	Hypochlorhydria  
C	Hyperchlorhydria  
D	Achylia  
E	Achlorhydria  

 	135
	A patient consulted a dentist about pains, reddening and swelling of gums. The dentist assumed 
	herpetic gingivostomatitis. What virus might have caused this disease?   
A	*Herpes simplex virus type 1
B	Herpes simplex virus type 2   
C	Herpes zoster   
D	Cytomegalic virus   
E	Epstein-Barr virus   

 	136
	Examination of a 60 y.o. man's oral cavity revealed the following changes: the 26th and 27th 
	tooth are covered with metallic crowns that plunge deep into the gums. There is a parodontal 
	pouch 0,7 cm deep between them containing some pus. Gingival papillae of these teeth are 
	hyperemic, edematic, cyanotic, bleed as a reaction to touching by a dental explorer. X-ray picture shows resorption of interdental septa of 1/2 of tooth root. What is the most probable diagnosis?   
A	*Local parodontitis
B	Hypertrophic gingivitis  
C	Chronic catarrhal gingivitis  
D	Generalized parodontitis  
E	-  

 	137
	After a craniocerebral trauma a patient lost the ability to execute learned purposeful movements
	 (apraxia). The injury is most likely localized in the following region of the cerebral cortex:   
A	*Gyrus supramarginalis
B	Gyrus angularis
C	Gyrus paracentralis
D	Gyrus lingualis
E	Gyrus parahippocampalis

 	138
	A patient has an inflammation in the pterygopalatine fossa. The infection has spread into the 
	nasal cavity. Which anatomical structure has the infection spread through?   
A	*Foramen sphenopalatinum
B	Foramen rotundum
C	Canalis palatinus major
D	Canalis palatinus minor
E	Canalis ptherygoideus

 	139
	A patient presents with dysfunction of shin muscles. He cannot raise his body by standing on 
	tiptoe. Which muscle is affected?   
A	*M. triceps surae
B	M. tibialis posterior
C	M. extensor digitorum longus
D	M. flexor digitorum longus
E	M. tibialis anterior

 	140
	A patient has lost skin sensitivity in the region of the medial surface of his shoulder. This is the 
	result of dysfunction of the following nerve:   
A	*Medial brachial cutaneous nerve
B	Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve  
C	Radial nerve  
D	Ulnar nerve  
E	Axillary nerve  

 	141
	When processing a molar tooth with a dental cutter the dentist has by accident deeply wounded 
	the patient's cheek and damaged not only the mucosa but also a muscle. Which muscle was hurt?   
A	*Buccal muscle
B	Greater zygomatic muscle   
C	Masticatory muscle   
D	Orbicular muscle of the mouth   
E	Mylohyoid muscle   

 	142
	An injured person was delivered to the hospital with a penetrating wound in the left lateral region 
	of abdomen. What part of the large intestine is most likely damaged?   
A	*Colon descendens
B	Colon ascendens
C	Colon transverses
D	Caecum
E	Rectum

 	143
	After a road accident a driver was delivered to the hospital with an injury of the medial 
	epicondyle of humerus. What nerve might be damaged in this case?   
A	*n. ulnaris
B	n. radialis
C	n. axillaris
D	n. muscolocutaneus
E	n. medianus

 	144
	A patient with a knife wound in the left lumbal part was delivered to the emergency hospital. In 
	course of operation a surgeon found that internal organs were not damaged but the knife injured
	 one of muscles of renal pelvis. What muscle is it?   
A	*Greater psoas muscle
B	Iliac muscle  
C	Erector muscle of spine  
D	Abdominal internal oblique muscle  
E	Abdominal external oblique muscle  

 	145
	A patient visited a dentist for acute dental pain in the lower left canine. He was diagnosed with 
	pulpitis. What nerve innervates this tooth?   
A	*Inferior alveolar
B	Superior alveolar   
C	Palatal   
D	Zygomatic   
E	Facial